“(6) North Pacific coast. Bows with rounded grip and flat wings, usually made of yew or cedar. “(7) Fraser-Columbia region. Similar to number 6, but with wings much shorter and the nocks curved sharply outward. “(8) Interior basin. A long slender stick of rude form; many are strengthened by means of a sinew lining on the back and cross-wrappings. “(9) California. Like number 7, but neatly lined with sinew and often prettily decorated. “(10) Southwest. Like number 8, but seldom sinew-lined (Navaho). [Illustration: FIG. 85. (S. 1–2.) All expanding from base. Probably knife-blades for hafting—because of curved edge. H. K. Deisher’s collection, Kutztown, Pennsylvania. ] “Small painted bows are used much in ceremony, especially by the Pueblos, who deposit them in shrines. In the south part of this area long cottonwood bows with cross-lashing are employed by Yuman and Piman tribes. The Jicarillas make a Cupid’s bow, strengthened with bands of sinew wrapping.” [Illustration: FIG. 86. (S. 1–1.) Specialized quartzite blades, probably in the main projectile points, from Potomac village-sites. ] We have observed that the form of bow and arrow varies among different tribes. Probably similar variations obtained in ancient times. Arrow-heads have been often found embedded in human bones. A prehistoric specimen was unearthed in 1869 from an Indian mound in the vicinity of Fort Wadsworth, Dakota, by Surgeon A. T. Comfort, of the United States Army. It consists of a human lumbar vertebra with a small arrow-point of white quartz embedded and incrusted in it. The vertebra is covered with a new bony formation, showing that the wounded man survived the injury for some months at least. [Illustration: FIG. 87. (S. 1–2.) Expanding stem, serrated edges. Georgia forms. H. F. McIntosh’s collection, Albany, Georgia. ] An ancient aboriginal skull from Henderson County, Illinois, contributed to the National Museum by M. Tandy, had a hole in the squamosal bone on the left side, inserted in which, when found and received by the museum, was a stone arrow-point of the perforator or drill type. Fig. 84 is a drawing of an obsidian-pointed Indian arrow found in Arizona after a fight between Apaches and miners. The specimen was picked up some fifty years ago. It is grooved as were most arrows, and particles of dried blood still adhere to the shaft, and may be observed in the grooves. The feathers are cut off in order that it might be withdrawn, without enlarging the wound. Miss M. Gorton owns this interesting specimen. [Illustration: FIG. 88. (S. 1–2.) Part of a cache found near Salem, Massachusetts. Material: porphyry. Peabody Museum collection, Salem, Massachusetts. ]