The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact ChaptersWhite, William
History
The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact Chapters
White, William
Vaccination
The primal promise that the inoculated were thereafter proof
against smallpox was speedily belied, but that difficulty was
disposed of by the assertion that inoculation in such cases must
have been imperfect, for it was impossible for any one to have
smallpox twice. The admission of fatalities from inoculation was
very tardily made; and they were generally referred to some cause
perversely concealed from the inoculator, which, had he known,
would have prevented his operation. Then, the manifest fatalities
were naturally suspected to stand for a larger number sedulously
kept out of sight. As Massey put it--
The ill success of inoculation is very partially and sparingly
given to the world. The operator will not tell it, who lives by
the practice; nor will the relations, to whose authority the
mischief is owing, be fond of revealing that to the public, which
is grief to them in private.[50]
Fortunately for the public, several of the mishaps occurred in
“good society,” and were too conspicuous to be hushed up or
denied. Miss Rigby died eight weeks after inoculation, “miserably
disordered by the operation.” A son of the Duke of Bridgewater
and a son of the Earl of Sunderland likewise perished; and a
servant of Lord Bathurst died of confluent smallpox “consequent on
engraftment.” Such incidents struck terror everywhere, and caused
wise and timid alike to face the ills they knew rather than risk
certain peril for uncertain advantage.
Maitland returned to Scotland, his native country, in 1726,
and, going among his relations in Aberdeenshire, showed off his
skill by inoculating six children. One of them, Adam, son of
William Urquhart of Meldrum, aged 18 months, sickened on the
seventh, and died on the eighth day. There was a great outcry,
and Maitland tried to excuse himself by asserting that Adam was
afflicted with hydrocephalus, which had been improperly concealed
from him. Anyhow, the Aberdeenshire folk were satisfied with
their experience, and recommended “Charlie Maitland to keep
his new-fangled remedy for the English in future.” He was more
fortunate in the west of Scotland, where he “inoculated four
children of a noble family,” who escaped alive. The Scots, however,
were deaf to his persuasions, and he made no headway among them. At
a later date, 1733, inoculation began to be practised in and about
Dumfries, and occasionally elsewhere.
In Ireland little more was effected than in Scotland. It was said
that 25 inoculations took place between 1723 and 1728 with 3
fatalities. Dr. Bryan Robinson inoculated five children in Dublin
in 1725, and was the death of two of them.[51]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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