The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact ChaptersWhite, William
History
The Story of a Great Delusion in a Series of Matter-of-Fact Chapters
White, William
Vaccination
Inoculation met with faint acceptance on the Continent. Maitland
went over to Hanover in 1724 and inoculated Prince Frederick and
eight children of Baron de Schulenberg. In France the practice had
been discussed by Dr. Boyer so far back as 1717; and in 1723 the
English experiments were recounted in Paris with much enthusiasm
by Dr. de la Coste, evoking a declaration from the College of
Physicians, “that for the benefit of the public, it was lawful to
make trials of inoculation.” A commencement was about to be made
in the hospitals under the Sanction of the Regent, the Duke of
Orleans, when his death put a stop to the design. Soon after Dr.
Hecquet published _Raisons de Doute contre l’Inoculation_, which,
coupled with bad reports from England, made an end of the project.
If a London journalist had been called upon in 1728 to report upon
Inoculation, he might have written as follows--
Seven years ago the practice was introduced to this country under
powerful auspices. It was confidently averred that anyone might
have his blood infected with the virus of smallpox, that a trifling
ailment would ensue, and that thenceforward he would be secure
from smallpox in the natural form. Experience rapidly belied these
promises. The trifling ailment proved, in many cases, a serious
ailment--so serious that physicians tried to anticipate and
mitigate its severity by a preliminary regimen of bleeding, purging
and vomiting. So exhausting and hazardous is the whole operation,
that only sound and vigorous constitutions are considered fit for
it; and the delicate and feeble, who require protection most, are
advised to submit themselves as of old to the ordinary course of
nature. Moreover, the induced smallpox is occasionally as severe
as the spontaneous; the pustules are multitudinous, and sometimes
confluent, with death for the issue. Fear may exaggerate the risks
of inoculation, but more are believed to have perished than the
inoculators are willing to confess. Again, many are not susceptible
of inoculation, and though the infection fails to operate in their
blood as desired, they do not always escape injury: they find their
health disordered--are rendered sickly and uncomfortable. Worst
of all, what none at first reckoned on, the artificial smallpox
turns out to be infectious, and begets natural smallpox in those
who are with the inoculated. Thus, the very means taken to limit
the disease become a cause of its extension. Smallpox was more
than usually prevalent in Hertford in 1721, and in London in 1724,
and there was fair reason to conjecture that it was extensively
disseminated by inoculation. Lastly, it is doubtful whether even
successful inoculation protects from subsequent smallpox; for it is
maintained that some of the inoculated have already fallen victims
to the natural disorder. In short, the preventive appears to have
so many drawbacks that it is questionable whether it is not worse
than the malady; and it is probable that in a year or two it will
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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