1685. =Johann Schenck= (Wiener-Neustadt), about 1685. He published during 1685-95 sonatas for two violins, gamba (a kind of ’cello), and continuo (figured bass), and many other works in chamber music form. One set of these he called (anticipating the Beethoven Scherzo) Scherzi musicali. 1685. =Torelli= (Verona),—about 1685. Famous violinist, who wrote some important chamber music for strings. 1686. =N.A. Porpora= (Naples), 1686-1766. Opera composer of great fame. He also wrote a number of chamber music works, including six so-called chamber symphonies for two violins, ’cello, and continuo. 1687. =J.M. Leclair= (Paris), 1687-1764. Eminent violinist and composer of chamber music. Two of his sonatas are included in Ferdinand David’s _High School of Violin Playing_. 1689. =P. Castrucci= (Rome), 1689-1769. Composer of violin and other sonatas, and inventor of a stringed instrument called the Violetta Marina, which Handel used in his operas _Orlando_ and _Sosarme_. 1690. =Testore= (Milan), 1690-1745. The name of a renowned Italian family of violin makers. 1690. =C. Tessarini= (Urbino),—born 1690. Celebrated violinist, and composer of trios for two violins and bass, and other chamber music. Pupil of Corelli. 1692. =Antonio Veracini= (Florence), about 1692. Distinguished composer of chamber music. His brother, F.M.V., was also a violinist and composer of distinction. 1692. =G. Tartini= (Padua), 1692-1770. Violinist, composer, and theorist. He wrote much chamber music, and developed a high school of violin playing. Amongst his pupils were Nardini and Pasqualino. To him is ascribed the discovery of combination, or resultant, tones, although this is also claimed for his contemporary, G.A. Sorge. 1693. =Pietro Locatelli= (Bergamo), 1693-1764. A distinguished violinist; pupil of Corelli. One of the first to use double stopping, and different modes of tuning the violin. He published chamber music for strings. 1696. =Robert King= (London), about 1696. Chamber musician and composer to King William III. of England. 1696. =G.M. Ruggieri= (Venice), 1696-1732. Venetian opera composer, who wrote some chamber music sonatas, etc., for strings. 1697. =J.J. Quantz= (Oberscheden), 1697-1773. Chamber musician to Frederick the Great of Prussia. Famous flute player. He wrote many chamber duets, trios, quartetts, etc., for that instrument. 1698. =Johann G. Graun= (Wahrenbrück), 1698-1771. Brother of the more celebrated Karl H. Graun. He wrote many string quartetts, trios, etc. 1703. =G.A. Sorge= (Mellenbach), 1703-78. German organist and theorist. It is claimed that he discovered “combination tones” before Tartini, to whom their discovery is usually attributed.