R.H. Walthew. Joseph Holbrooke. Cyrill Scott. Norman O’Neill. J. Kruse. F.A. Lamond. E. von Dohnányi. J.B. McEwen. A. Fransella. G. Henschel. F. Weingartner. C. Halir. R. Gomperz. J. Ludwig. A.E. Ferir. P. Cathie. John Sanders. Charles Draper. A. Randegger, jun. Baron d’Erlanger. W.H. Reed. H. Walford Davies. H. Wessely. Franklin Taylor. H. Hofmann. L. Risegari. E. Sjögren. Haydn Inwards. M. Esposito. A. Hobday. P. Wolfrum. F.W. Davenport. Rawdon Briggs. A. Beer-Walbrunn. A. Burnett. V. Wilm. Carl Fuchs. G.F. Cobb. G. Henschel. J.C. Culwick. J. Klengel. S. Speelman. L. Thuille. W.M. Malsch. S. Jadassohn. Chas. Reynolds. E. Reznicek. W.B. Wooton. G.A. Clinton. G. Horton. W.E. Whitehouse. M. Gomez. Appendix B. Glossary of Terms. =Absolute Music=, music _per se_ without relation to the arts, or to any presentation whatever outside of it.[43] [Footnote 43: Riemann’s _Dictionary of Music_.] =Chamber Music Pitch.= Formerly absolute pitch did not exist. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the pitch was high. This we find according to the old organs, which are some of them a tone higher than our present French diapason. Chamber pitch in olden times differed from church pitch. The adoption of a uniform pitch is very much to be desired at the present time. =Divertimento=, a kind of chamber music suite, or combination of pieces of a pleasing and diverting kind. =Gudok=, a violin-like Russian instrument with drones. =Volte Subito, or Vide Sequens=, written usually V.S. It means turn over quickly, or see what follows. =Violone=, the Italian name for the double bass. =Musica da Camera=, chamber music (Italian). The term came into use about the beginning of the seventeenth century. =Chrotta= (Latin), =Crwth= (British), probably the oldest of European stringed instruments. Historically it is found mentioned so far back as the year 609. The word chrotta means literally “a bulging box.” The rebec was the same as the crwth, or nearly so. The geige is a like instrument. =Kit= (French Pochette), a small violin which was carried in the pocket; used by teachers of dancing. =Early Instrumental Music.= Brass instruments in the very early times were not used for musical purposes, but only as an accompaniment to military and other such affairs. At festivals and weddings of the middle ages stringed instruments came into use, and here we have the beginnings of instrumental music. The earliest traces of the use of violin-like instruments is found about the ninth century. =Baryton=, an instrument of the violoncello type. Haydn wrote much for the instrument, which was played by his patron, Prince Esterhazy.