[45] It is only fair to add that the _Cartulaire_ of Notre-Dame speaks of this bishop (Abbot of Brêmes) in terms of the highest praise. Under Arrald, among many other benefactions, _William the Conqueror_ (1070) caused ‘a good, a precious’ campanile to be erected over the central point of the transept of the Cathedral, ‘for the repose of the soul of his daughter Adeliza,’ piously observing that ‘The gifts which we offer to God, and which we dedicate to His glory, are not for us loss or sacrifice, for thus we only preserve our riches and multiply them with the hope of eternal life.’ [46] The Pope had condemned the royal investiture by cross and ring as implying spiritual jurisdiction in the throne. [47] Fresnay l’Évêque. The bishop’s house may still be traced in the name of a farm, Château de l’Évêque. [48] A _Bénitier_ saved from it is to be found in the Cathedral crypt. [49] Marquis, may the monks of Cluny make you their head or may you be Abbot of Cîteaux, since you have a heart so base as to prefer two oxen and a plough at Montferrat to being Emperor elsewhere. [50] Stalls first, and then shops, were set up about the western porch as soon as it was built. Pilgrimages meant commerce. There was traffic not only in images of the Virgin, but also in the necessaries of life. Merchants found here a ready market, and one in which they were protected from the rapacity and exactions of the feudal lords. [51] Lépinois’s _Histoire de Chartres_, 2 vols., 1858. [52] The present one is on a pivot, and serves as a weather-cock. [53] The roodloft or gallery over the entrance into the choir is sometimes called the Jubé, from the words ‘Jubé, Domine, benedicere,’ pronounced from it. (Parker). [54] Page 25. [55] The south tower of the west front. [56] Clocher de Chartres, nef d’Amiens, Chœur de Beauvais, Portail de Reims. [57] The octagonal spire is made of the light stone of Marboué. [58] ‘The endless upward reach of the great west front, the clear silvery tone of its surface, the way three or four magnificent features are made to occupy its serene expanse, its simplicity, majesty and dignity--these things crowd upon one’s sense with a force that makes the act of vision for the moment almost all of life. There is an inexpressible harmony in the façade of Chartres.’--HENRY JAMES--_Portraits of Places._ [59] _Livre des Miracles._ [60] Mens hebes ad verum per materialia surgit Et demersa prius hac visa luce resurgit. [61] There were formerly five statues on the front of the south-west tower. The Ass is resting on two human heads that seem crushed by his weight. The Sow is much mutilated. A similar piece occurs on the façade of S. Pol-de-Léon (Finisterre). The motive of an ass playing a lyre is found in ancient Egyptian monuments; a dog playing a lyre occurs at Poitiers. [62] The same legend is connected with the Imp of Lincoln and also with one of the churches at Rome.