The Story of Dutch PaintingCaffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
History
The Story of Dutch Painting
Caffin, Charles H. (Charles Henry)
Painting, Dutch
In 1642 his fortunes received a double blow. Saskia died, and his
corporation picture, _The Sortie of the Frans Banning Cock Company_,
popularly but erroneously called “The Night Watch,” was received with
disfavor. It proved to be a turning-point in his career. Public
recognition began to wane, and financial embarrassments to increase; yet
his artistic fecundity continued, marked by more frequent examples of
landscape. Toward the end of the forties he enjoyed the sympathetic
support of the burgomaster, Jan Six, an enthusiastic lover of books and
collector of works of art, whose friendship lasted till his death in
1658. Meanwhile, about 1653, Rembrandt seems to have married the woman
who had devoted herself to his care, Hendrickje Stoffels. She died in
1656 and money troubles crowded upon him. He was declared a bankrupt;
his household goods were seized by his creditors and later sold at an
appalling sacrifice; the house in the Jodenbreedstraat also passed under
the hammer, and Rembrandt retired to a house on the Rosengracht. This
was in 1658. The house, which still exists, was a comfortable one; and
it seems probable that the eleven years during which Rembrandt lived in
it, until his death in 1669, were a time of tranquillity, as they
certainly were of continued artistic activity. This period, indeed,
produced _The Six Syndics of the Cloth Hall_ (Amsterdam), a masterpiece
of assured self-possession and complete achievement. It also was marked
with many portraits of himself, no less than four having been painted in
the last year of his life. One of them shows him blear eyed, with red
and bulbous face, but laughing, and holding his maulstick like a
scepter.[D]
* * * * *
EUGÈNE FROMENTIN, skilled alike as a man of letters and a painter,
analyzes in his “Maîtres d’Autrefois” the art of Rembrandt. The argument
has been so generally accepted, that it must be described here. It may
be compressed as follows: Fromentin discovers contradictions in the art
of Rembrandt. It is at one time so realistic, and at another so
visionary. He explains this apparent contradiction by the theory that
Rembrandt’s was a dual nature. On the one side he shared with his
fellow-artists their practicalness, direct seeing, and love of clear and
definite expression; while on the other he was a solitary dreamer, a
visionary, to whom the mystery of things made
[Illustration: THE SYNDICS OF THE CLOTH GUILD REMBRANDT
RIJKS MUSEUM, AMSTERDAM]
chief appeal. Thus, by turns he was realist and idealist; occasionally,
as in _The Sortie_, his pictures seem to have been the battle-ground of
his two irreconcilable natures.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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