The Story of EclipsesChambers, George F. (George Frederick)
History
The Story of Eclipses
Chambers, George F. (George Frederick)
Eclipses
Under the year 795 the _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ says:—“In this year the
Moon was eclipsed between cockcrowing and dawn on the 5th of the Calends
of April; and Eardwalf succeeded to the kingdom of the Northumbrians on
the 2nd of the Ides of May.” This signifies that the eclipse happened on
March 28 between 3h. and 6h. in the morning, the method of dividing the
hours of night into equal portions of three hours each being still in
use. There was no eclipse in 795 on the date in question but there was
one in 796, so we may suppose an error in the year. This assumed,
Johnson found that the eclipse began at about 4h. a.m., was total for
nearly an hour, and ended at about 7½h., so that the Moon set eclipsed.
But the above assumption is dispensed with by Lynn who substitutes one
of his own.[130] For “5th of the _Calends_” he reads “5th of the
_Ides_,” which means April 9; and on that day in 795 he says there was
an eclipse of the Moon, but I have not found any other record of it.
In the year A.D. 800, according to the _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_, “the
Moon was eclipsed at the 2nd hour of the night (8h. p.m.) on the 17th
day of the Calends of February.” Johnson finds that there was an eclipse
of the Moon on Jan. 15. The middle of the eclipse occurred at 8h. 34m.,
9/10ths of the Moon’s upper limb having been obscured.
Under the date of 806 the _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ says:—“This year was
the Moon eclipsed on the Kalends [1st] of September; and Eardwulf, King
of the Northumbrians, was driven from his kingdom, and Eanberht, Bishop
of Hexham, died.” This eclipse was total, the totality lasting from
9h. 37m. to 10h. 59m. p.m.
On Feb. 15, 817, according to the _Annales Fuldenses_, an eclipse of the
Moon was observed in the early evening at Paris, and on the same night a
Comet was seen. This Comet is described by another authority as a
“monstrous” one and as being in Sagittarius on Feb. 5. The Chinese date
it for Feb. 17, and place it near the stars α and γ Tauri.
In 828 two lunar eclipses were seen in Europe, the first on July 1 very
early in the morning, and the second on the morning of Christmas Day.
The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ thus speaks of the second eclipse:—“In this
year the Moon was eclipsed on Mid-winter’s Mass-night, and the same year
King Ecgbryht subdued the kingdom of the Mercians and all that was South
of the Humber.” The totality occurred after midnight. There is some
confusion in the year of this eclipse, the _Chronicle_ giving it as 827,
whilst calculation shows that it must have been 828. Lynn defines
“Mid-winter’s Mass-night” as Christmas _Eve_.
Under the date of 904 the _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ says:—“In this year
the Moon was eclipsed.” There were two total eclipses of the Moon this
year, one on May 31, and the other on Nov. 25, and it does not appear
which one is referred to in the _Chronicle_ cited. Another writer,
Cedrenus, speaks of a great eclipse of the Moon this year which he says
foretold the death of a kinsman of the Emperor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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