[181] Mr Pearce gives some interesting facts in his _Annals of Christ's Hospital_ (p. 207) respecting the effects of the plague in 1603 and 1665 on the condition of the Blue Coat School. During 1665 no more than 32 children of the total number of 260 in the house died of all diseases, although the neighbourhood was severely visited. [182] Creighton, vol. i. p. 265. [183] Creighton, p. 270. [184] _Progress of Medicine_, 1888, p. 24. [185] Creighton, vol. i. p. 44. [186] _London (Ancient and Modern) from the Sanitary and Medical Point of View_, by G. V. Poore, M.D., F.R.C.P., 1889, p. 114. [187] _Ibid._, p. 31. [188] Creighton, vol. i. p. 323. [189] Stow's Chronicle, p. 212. [190] Riley's _Memorials_, p. 67. [191] Rymer's _Foedera_, vol. iii. p. 411. [192] Creighton, vol. i. pp. 323, 324. [193] Creighton, vol. i. p. 324. [194] Riley's Introduction to _Liber Albus_, p. xl. [195] Cal. Letter Book A. [196] Riley's Introduction to _Liber Albus_, p. xli. [197] Mr. Round conjectures that the 'Gosfregth Portirefan' of the Conqueror's Charter was the first Geoffrey de Mandeville.--_Geoffrey de Mandeville, a Study of the Anarchy_, 1892, p. 439. [198] 'The acceptance of this view will at once dispose of the alleged disappearance of the portreeve, with the difficulties it has always presented, and the conjectures to which it has given rise. The style of the "portreeve" indeed disappears, but his office does not. In the person of the Norman vicecomes it preserves an unbroken existence. Geoffrey de Mandeville steps, as sheriff, into the shoes of Ansgar, the portreeve.'--_Geoffrey de Mandeville_, p. 354. [199] _Constitutional History_, chap, xi., note to par. 131. [200] _Select Charters_, Oxford, 1884, p. 107. [201] _Geoffrey de Mandeville_, 1892, p. 372 [202] _Geoffrey de Mandeville_, p. 373. [203] _Constitutional History_, chap. xiii. par 165. [204] _Ancient Charters prior to_ 1200, edited by J. H. Round. Part I, p. 27, 1888 (Pipe Roll Society). [205] _The Commune of London_, p. 98. [206] Round's _Commune of London_, pp. 223, 224. [207] 'A London Municipal Collection of the Reign of John,' part i., _English Historical Review_, July 1902, p. 480. [208] 'Nunc primum in sibi indulta conjuratione, regno regem deesse cognovit Londonia, quam nec rex ipse Ricardus, nec prædecessor et pater ejus Henricus pro mille millibus marcarum argenti fieri permississet.'--_Richard of Devizes_, p. 416 (_Commune of London_, p. 223) [209] Bishop Stubbs's _Historical Introductions_, pp. 200-309. [210] _The Commune of London_, p. 224. The Beffroi of France was the symbol and pledge of independence. So was the bell-tower of St. Paul's, which is styled in documents _berefridum_ or campanile, p. 234. [211] _The Commune of London_, p. 225. [212] _The Commune of London_, p. 228. [213] _Ibid._, p. 228.