Moscow (Russia) -- Description and travel; Moscow (Russia) -- History
In matters of belief the Eastern church nearly approaches the
Anglican, the main divergence is that whereas the Anglican and
Roman churches agree that the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Father
and the Son, the Eastern Church holds that it proceeds from the
Father only. The bible may be read; the church may interpret its
teaching, "for the traditions of the church have been maintained
uncorrupted through the influence of the Holy Spirit." God the
Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, "perfectly equal in nature and
dignity," may alone be worshipped; but homage may be paid to the
Virgin Mary, and reverence shown to the saints, to ikons and to
relics. That this may not be abused, bishops at their consecration
are requested to promise that "honour shall be shown to God only,
not to the sacred ikons, and that no false miracle shall be
ascribed to them.... The _moshi_ or incorruptible remains which are
so greatly venerated, are the corpses of those long dead, whose
burial-place has been forgotten and is made known by a supernatural
manifestation. These remains must not be subject to the ordinary
process of decay, and may possess such virtue as to miraculously
cure the sick--which is the quality usually attributed to them."
The ecclesiastical architecture of Moscow, or of Russia, is not so
complex as it appears to be at first sight; originally the place for
Christian worship was but a square log-hut; add an apse at the east end,
cover the building with a dome roof supporting a cross to indicate its
sacred character, and the external structure of the primitive church is
complete. Instead of a dome roof it was found easier, as larger
buildings became necessary, to cover with the dome only the centre of
the church, which was still further elevated to make more prominent the
dome and cross denoting the purpose of the building. Three apses,
symbolic of the Trinity, took the place of one; five and seven are
sometimes found. When the idea of the original whole dome roof was
expressed by four small domes arranged around the higher central one,
the model became the permanent type from which all other forms have been
elaborated. The primitive type is best exemplified in the church of St
Michael within the Chudov monastery, but the cathedrals of the
Assumption and of the Archangels, on the Sobornia Ploshchad of the
Kremlin, will serve equally well to illustrate the permanent form. The
origin and development of the bulbous dome, as well as the size,
position and number of secondary domes, may be traced by comparing the
various old churches in South Russia, and those of wood, formerly or at
present existing in "wooden" Russia. For this purpose a convenient
series of framed drawings is to be found on stands in Room [Greek: B] of
the Historical Museum. They confirm what has already been stated in the
preceding chapter, concerning the origin of Russian architecture, and
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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