Moscow (Russia) -- Description and travel; Moscow (Russia) -- History
This monastery is in no way connected with Dmitri Donskoi but owes
its name to a picture of the Virgin Mary, presented by the Don
Cossacks (Kazak = soldier) after the great victory over
Khazi-Ghiree and his army of 150,000 Mongols advancing against
Moscow in 1591: they were repulsed by the army raised by Boris
Godunov and the miraculous intervention of the ikon of the
Cossacks, and the grateful Theodore built the monastery on the
field of their defeat as a fit shrine for the ikon, which had been
set up as the standard of the defenders of Moscow. A church pageant
on August 19th (old style) commemorates the victory. The white
walls and red turrets are copied from those of the Novo Devichi.
The principal church was founded in 1684 by Catherine, daughter of
the Tsar Alexis, and differs from those of Moscow town in being of
red brick. The smaller Church of the Virgin is the older, founded
in 1592; the three others are of the eighteenth century.
The Cossacks were the means of enriching the church by recovering the
silver looted by the French. The decorations are for the most part quite
modern, and the paintings by an Italian. The cemetery has fine
monuments, and there the people resort on summer evenings for the shade
of the trees and restfulness of this peaceful retreat. Further along the
Kalujskaya is the Alexandrina Palace, formerly the property of the
Orloffs, with its celebrated pleasaunce "sans souçi," extending to the
wooded bank of the Moskva, with pretty views of Moscow and one excellent
one of the Church of the Saviour seen alone at the extremity of a fine
avenue of great trees.
DANILOVSKI MONASTYR
This has the advantage of being the oldest establishment of its
kind in Moscow. Founded in the Kremlin by Daniel in 1272, it was
transferred in 1330, and in the reign of Ivan IV. rebuilt on its
present site. The walls are less ornate than those of the other
fortifications of their time; the machecoules with superposed
loop-holes over the gun-ports are also unusual and the polygonal
corner towers have greater symmetry than those of Simonov or Novo
Spasski. The chief object of interest within the building is the
silver shrine of the founder placed in the church by the Tsar
Alexis in 1652. The other two churches are commonplace, but in the
cemetery is the tomb of Gogol, one of the most original of
Muscovite authors.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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