1860. =Gustave Charpentier= (French school). Has written _Louise_, a familiar and popular work across the Channel. 1864. =Richard Strauss= (Munich). The modern writer of symphonic poems; has produced operas. He is a conductor of the Royal Berlin Opera House. 1864. =Pietro Mascagni= (Leghorn). Is the composer of the tuneful _Cavalleria Rusticana_ and other works. Among other contemporary composers and singers of opera may be mentioned:— _Composers._ Eugene d’Albert H. Bunning Cilea Coronaro Hamish McCunn A. Catalani Delius G. Dupont C. Debussy Dupais Enna F. d’Erlanger Filasi Ernest Ford Franchetti Glazounow Gilson Giordano Galli Edward German J. Holbrooke Kienzl F. Leoi I. de Lara Laparra Leroux A. Messager McAlpin McLean Edward Naylor Orefice Reznicika E. Solomon Max Schillings Miss E. Smyth Somerville W. Stenhammer Spinelli Tasca Tinel Siegfried Wagner Amherst Webber F. Weingartner _Conductors._ Signor Campanini Herr Lohse Mottl Mahler Frigara Eckhold Signor Mugnone A. Messager E. Goosens W. van Norden Nikisch Panizza Percy Pitt T. Beecham _Singers._ M. Alvarez M. Ancona Suzanne Adams Signor Anselmi Fraulein Alten L. Arens Signor Ballisini Marie Brema A. Black Mdlle. Bauermeister Madame Eames Olive Fremstad Madame Frease Green M. Gilibert Madame Giachetti McHinckley M. Hérold Walter Hyde M. Journet Alice Nielsen Agnes Nicholls Madame Nordica Mdlle. Olitzka Plancon Van Rooy Reinl Herr Reiss Russ Madame Sembrich Herr Burrian David Bispham Signor Caruso Madame Calvé John Coates M. Cotreuil Herr Cornelius Madamede Cisneros Fraulein Destinn Van Dyck Dani Mdlle. Donalda Fraulein Delsarta M. Dufriche Signor Dalmorés Knupfer-Egli Selma Kurz Kirkby Lunn Zelie de Lussan M. Lafitte M. Maurel Marian McKenzie John McCormack Madame Melba Charles Manners Fanny Moody Joseph O’Mara Blanche Marchesi Thomas Meux Madame Norelli Signor Sammarco Salignac Scotti M. Saleza Madame Sobrino M. Seveilhac Madame Saltzmann-Stevens M. Slezak Fraulein Ternina Edna Thornton Madame Tettrazini Vignas Madame Wittich C. Whitehill Gleeson White Appendix B. Financial Aid Granted to Operatic Schemes from State or Municipal Funds. (Drawn from the Government return made in pursuance of the Address of the House of Commons of March 2nd, 1903.)