World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations -- Submarine
They have a quick destroyer-like roll, and, unless going slow, they
have a trick of neglecting to lift occasionally when meeting a head
sea; but they are really safe sea-boats, and if trim and speed are
correctly adjusted, far more comfortable in bad weather than destroyers
are. Their great advantage is in their lines, for a smooth-run hull
with no obstructions deflects, instead of holding, the water. All
submarines are pretty wet in a head sea, for they are heavy vessels
with little buoyancy, and do not lift in time to the waves, so that a
passage to windward in an E boat, for instance, is for the men on the
bridge one long cold bath, especially in the short breaking seas of the
Dogger, when a boat goes butting into everything as it comes without
troubling to rise to it. I have not figures to refer to, but can at any
rate remember one captain, one first lieutenant, and two seamen being
lost overboard at different times from boats on passage in North Sea
gales during the war. The German cargo submarine _Deutschland_ was
considerably endangered on her voyage to America by the big Atlantic
seas tumbling down her conning-tower: it is considered in Germany that
the loss of the _Bremen_ on her first voyage was due to something
of the sort--that the boat put her nose into a head sea, and filled
before her hatch could be shut down, or she could lift again in the
next hollow. In the North Atlantic there may be 500 yards of trough
between the wave-crests in a gale, and a heavy submarine running down
the slope would be liable to bury herself in the next great hill of
water as it met her.
Many incidents must have occurred during the war of which we have now
no record. The boats which were lost in the Bight "from causes unknown"
may have been on their patrol billets for some time before meeting
their end, and what they did and what they saw will never be known. On
at least one occasion the veil has been lifted: "L 10" (Lieut.-Commander
Whitehouse) was known to have been sunk by German destroyers in October
last; it was after the Armistice that we heard that she had first sunk
a German destroyer, "S 33," and had then herself been destroyed by the
remainder of the flotilla. When we get a German account of the war at
sea we may find in it here and there a belated piece of news of a
missing E boat. It is, however, believed that the enemy destroyed most
of his records and despatches during the Revolution, in order to
prevent what would have been, from his point of view, premature
publication.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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