The story of paper-making : $b an account of paper-making from its earliest known record down to the present timeButler, Frank Osgood
History
The story of paper-making : $b an account of paper-making from its earliest known record down to the present time
Butler, Frank Osgood
Papermaking
Glazed paper is one of the most interesting and useful forms of coated
paper. The glazing is done by two processes, known as friction and
flint glazing. In either process the method of coating, up to and
including the drying, is practically the same as that followed in the
coating of other papers, except that wax is mixed with the coating
to act as a lubricator, and to permit of securing the desired glassy
finish.
In friction-glazing, the paper is passed through a friction calender,
which consists of a cotton roll and a chilled iron roll, the latter
revolving at much greater speed than the former, the friction generated
giving the paper a very high polish.
In the flint process, the paper is fed into a special burnishing
machine, and passes over a groove in which operates a flint-stone,
fitting closely in the groove and working back and forth upon and
across the sheet. As will readily be seen, this is a very slow process
as well as expensive, although it produces a finish, higher and more
lasting, than can be secured by the friction method.
Paper made by the two processes can be distinguished by the lines
appearing on the flint-paper made by the stone in its travels across
the sheet.
Glazed papers are used largely in the manufacture of boxes and numerous
fancy articles.
♦Lithographic stock♦
Lithographic paper is a product especially prepared to take impressions
from stones in lithographing. For ordinary use, common book or
print papers are employed, but these are usually given extra care
and attention in the course of their manufacture; the stock is so
manipulated as to not only secure the desired quality and finish, but
also to counteract the tendency of the paper to stretch, which if not
overcome is apt to destroy the register and injuriously affect the
quality of the work. The better grades of lithographing-paper are made
by applying a clay coating especially prepared to bring about the
desired results.
Asbestos-paper is made by combining paper pulp and the mineral
amianthus. Its fireproof and non-conducting qualities make it a staple
commodity for many purposes, such as drop-curtains for theaters,
insulation of electric wires, packing of steam-pipes, etc.
Tar-paper is a coarse, thick paper soaked with a tar product, and used
for covering roofs and lining walls, to secure warmth and dryness.
Paper coated with the white of eggs is known as albumen-paper, and is
employed as a vehicle for silver prints in photography.
♦Photographic♦
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