The story of paper-making : $b an account of paper-making from its earliest known record down to the present timeButler, Frank Osgood
History
The story of paper-making : $b an account of paper-making from its earliest known record down to the present time
Butler, Frank Osgood
Papermaking
Paper which has been so chemically treated that the color of its
surface may be altered by the action of light is known as sensitized
paper. Under this general designation are included numerous papers
differing from each other in the details of manufacture, though the
name is most commonly applied to paper that has been floated in a bath
of nitrate of silver, or coated with an emulsion of silver-nitrate of
chloride. ♦For blue-prints♦ One of the most common of papers included
under the general term is that known in general trade as blue-process
paper, which is prepared by floating white paper in a solution of
potassium ferrocyanide. It is used for copying plans and maps, as well
as for printing photographic negatives. After exposure to the light
for the proper length of time, under the subject to be reproduced,
the print is finished by immersion in several changes of clean water.
Very similar to the blue-process paper is the blue or ferro-prussiate
paper, which is sensitized or made sensitive by being treated with a
solution in water of red prussiate of potash and peroxide of iron.
This may be applied as a coating to the surface of the paper, or the
latter may be floated upon the solution. When exposed to light under a
drawing, those parts of the sheet to which the light has access through
the transparent portions of the drawing are more or less affected,
according to the greater or less transparency, as well as to the length
of the exposure. When this printing has proceeded as far as desired,
the sheet is washed in clear water, and those parts that have been
protected from the light, become white, while those exposed to the
light and affected by it take on, when dry, a permanent blue.
♦Other sensitized papers♦
Another variety of what may properly be termed sensitized paper is the
arrowroot-paper used in photography for positive prints. It is plain
or non-glossy, and is coated with a weak solution of arrowroot in
water, with sodium, chloride, and a trace of citric acid. Photographic
paper, as such, includes a great variety of these sensitized papers,
employed in various processes of the art; albumenized, salted, coated
with emulsion, or otherwise treated. One of these, known as Pizzighelli
paper, a sensitized platinum-paper, gives a neat surface, and soft,
clear, gray tones, which are most artistic and pleasing for many
subjects.
♦Carbon or transfer♦
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