The Story of Siena and San GimignanoGardner, Edmund G.
History
The Story of Siena and San Gimignano
Gardner, Edmund G.
Art -- Italy -- Siena; San Gimignano (Italy) -- History; Siena (Italy) -- History
It is not for these things that we visit San Domenico to-day, but for
the glorious chapel of St Catherine. Over it we read another of those
hard sayings that sum up, mystically, the story of her inner life: "This
chapel holds the head of Catherine. Dost thou seek her heart? Nay, that
Christ bears inclosed in His breast." The shrine itself, over the altar,
which contains this sacred relic--sacred, surely, to all lovers of the
noblest things in the literature of mysticism no less than to Roman
Catholics--is a work of the third quarter of the fifteenth century, and
is probably by Giovanni di Stefano. The frescoes on either side of
it--representing the _Svenimento_, St Catherine fainting into the arms
of her two attendant nuns, Alessia and Francesca, overcome by the glory
of the vision of her celestial Bridegroom, and St Catherine miraculously
fed with the Food of Angels in the Sacred Host--are by Bazzi, and were
painted in 1526. Hardly elsewhere (save, perhaps, in the St Sebastian of
the Uffizi painted in the previous year) has the wayward painter of
Vercelli touched such a height of inspiration; in conception and
execution alike, they are among the supreme triumphs of Italian art. The
fresco on the left--representing the execution of Niccolò di Toldo, St
Catherine ecstatically following the upward flight of the soul she has
saved--is also Bazzi's, but less excellent. It is overcrowded and badly
composed, carelessly executed in parts; the brawny figure and bearded
head of the victim hardly suggest the delicate young nobleman, the
_agnello_ of the _Leggenda minore_ whose blood has been unjustly
shed;[110] but nothing could be more beautiful than the kneeling figure
of the Saint herself. The beautiful pilasters between the frescoes, and
the Angels and Prophets under the arch, are likewise Bazzi's. Bazzi left
the work unfinished, and some fifty years after his death Francesco
Vanni took
[Illustration: _The Ecstasy of St. Catherine._
_Detail from Bazzi's Fresco._]
it up, in 1593. By Vanni (who, of course, will not be confused with
Andrea di Vanni, Catherine's contemporary and friend) is the picture on
the right, painted in oil colours, where she is seen liberating a
possessed woman from a demon; by him, too, are the figures of her two
first biographers, the Blessed Raimondo da Capua and Frate Tommaso Nacci
Caffarini, the authors of the _Leggenda_ and the _Leggenda minore_
respectively. Beautiful as the shrine is--and it would have been perfect
in its harmony had only Bazzi completed the decorations--it is
impossible at times not to feel that there is something more
melodramatic in its treatment than quite accords with the simpler spirit
of the dyer's daughter of Fontebranda. The _graffito_ work in coloured
marble on the pavement represents Aesculapius among wild beasts. It is
doubtful whether this is connected with the fact that several physicians
of the Benzi family were buried in the chapel, or a part of the
decorations in honour of the Saint.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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