The Story of Siena and San GimignanoGardner, Edmund G.
History
The Story of Siena and San Gimignano
Gardner, Edmund G.
Art -- Italy -- Siena; San Gimignano (Italy) -- History; Siena (Italy) -- History
In the following March, it was decided that the government of the city
should be equally divided among three Monti; the Monte de' Nove; the
Monte del Popolo; the Monte of the Gentiluomini and Dodicini; and that
those of the Riformatori who were admitted should be distributed among
these three Monti. A number of exiles were recalled. Then the Signoria
with all the Council went to the Duomo, to return thanks to God and to
the Virgin Mary, the _Te Deum Laudamus_ was sung, the bells rang _a
gloria_, and they returned to the Palace. But the real authority was
still vested in the Balìa. A special magistracy called the _Consiglio
dei tre segreti_ had been instituted in 1492, the three being chosen
from the members of the Balìa, and wielding, up to a certain point, the
authority of the Balìa. By means of this special Council--suppressed at
intervals by the enemies of the Noveschi, but almost always soon
re-established--the Monte de' Nove swayed the State. The government was
rapidly becoming an oligarchy, in the hands of certain families of
Noveschi.
Writing of the factions of Siena, Machiavelli calls the Noveschi the
"nobili." They were in fact a kind of burgher nobility, risen out of
families of merchants in the course of the previous century. We find
their parallel in Florentine history in the _ottimati_, the _nobili
popolani_, whose prepotency had been overthrown by the Medici more than
half a century before. They were men of wealth and influence, munificent
patrons of art and letters; several of them must rank among the most
enlightened men of their day. Prominent among them, the heart and soul
of the new regime, are the Petrucci, Salvetti, Borghesi, Bichi and
Bellanti. The more violent spirits are Giacoppo and Pandolfo Petrucci,
Luzio and Leonardo Bellanti; but the noblest is Niccolò di Bartolommeo
Borghesi, an ardent patriot and a profound scholar, whom Professor
Zdekauer regards as the most important personality in the story of Siena
during the second half of the Quattrocento. Niccolò had taken a leading
part in the return of the _fuorusciti_ in 1487, and in the September of
that year he was appointed professor for five years at the Studio to
read "Opus Humanitatis ac moralem Phylosophiam," and at the same time
made Secretary of State "with the charge of writing the annals and the
deeds of the Sienese from the foundation of the City itself."[52] But he
showed more desire to make history than to write it, married his
daughter Aurelia to Pandolfo Petrucci and plunged into the turmoil of
the political conflict.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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