The Story of the Airship (Non-rigid): A Study of One of America's Lesser Known Defense WeaponsAllen, Hugh
History
The Story of the Airship (Non-rigid): A Study of One of America's Lesser Known Defense Weapons
Allen, Hugh
Military airships -- United States
The student pilot spent his first half dozen hours trying only to keep
the ship at constant altitude, not caring where he was going. Then he
would fly a given course, follow a zigzag rail fence, or a winding road,
not worrying about his altitude. Lesson three was to combine the two,
fly at constant altitude over a set course. And after enough hours at
this, he’d try to circle a pylon, keeping a specified distance away,
while the wind pushed the ship in one direction, then another—now flying
up wind, now down, now cross-wind, now quartering, making such changes
in course to allow for wind and drift as to maintain a perfect
circle—and trying finally to achieve the supreme art of the airshipper,
which is to get the feel of the controls and the weather so that he can
anticipate drift and sharp drops and rises, move his controls a split
second ahead of time, stay on course and altitude.
Airship students got no exemption from Civil Aeronautics Authority by
reason of the fact that blimps land more slowly than bombers, took the
same physical examination, including eyesight. The training course
worked out with the government followed closely that for
heavier-than-air pilots, with such changes only as were made necessary
by the fact that in one case a static lift was utilized chiefly, and in
the other case dynamic lift. There was plenty of need for the students
by the time they finished their training.
Over the 16 years during which the fleet operations were carried on ship
sizes settled down to 123,000 cu. ft. as a compromise between the 51,000
cu. ft. Pilgrim and the 164,000 cu. ft. Defender. This size ship could
carry six passengers with pilot and aide, was easy to handle with a
small crew, had adequate cruising radius for the job at hand.
Later ships, the Enterprise, Ranger, Resolute, Reliance and Rainbow,
carried on the tradition of honoring the defenders of America’s cup in
international racing.
While an airplane can land anywhere on an open field, the airship needed
at least a minimum of terminal facilities. Many groups co-operated at
the outset. St. Petersburg, Florida built a hangar; Miami towed a
war-time Navy shed up from Key West; Col. E. H. R. Green built one on
his New Bedford estate for use in connection with radio studies being
made by Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The company built its own
at Gadsden, Los Angeles, Washington, Chicago and New York, calling them
air docks rather than hangars.
Unused Army and Navy hangars were borrowed in the early years at
Aberdeen, Md., and briefly at Cape May, N. J., Pensacola, Arcadia, Cal.
and Chatham, Mass., with Lakehurst, Langley Field, Scott Field and
Sunnyvale, Cal., handy as ports of call.
More and more, however, the fleet grew independent of ground aid, became
increasingly self-reliant through the use of its masting equipment.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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