The Story of the Atlantic TelegraphField, Henry M. (Henry Martyn)
History
The Story of the Atlantic Telegraph
Field, Henry M. (Henry Martyn)
Transatlantic cables
The cable was manufactured at the rate of twenty miles a day, and as
fast as delivered and found perfect, was coiled on board. And now the
electricians tried their skill to outdo all that they had done before.
As Captain Anderson observed, it seemed as if never had so much brain
power been concentrated on the problem of success. The cable itself
furnished the grandest subject of experiment. As every week added more
than a hundred miles to its length, there was constant opportunity to
try the electric current on longer distances and with new conditions.
The results obtained showed the rapid and marvellous progress of
electrical science. Said The Times:
"The science of making, testing, and laying cables has so much
improved that an undetected fault in an insulated wire has now
become literally impossible, while so much are the instruments
for signalling improved, that not only can a slight fault be
disregarded if necessary, but it is even easy _to work through
a submarine wire with a foot of its copper conductor stripped
and bare to the water_. This latter result, astonishing as it
may appear, has actually been achieved for some days past with
the whole Atlantic cable on board the Great Eastern. Out of a
length of more than one thousand seven hundred miles, a coil
has been taken from the centre, the copper conductor stripped
clean of its insulation for a foot in length, and in this
condition lowered over the vessel's side till it rested on the
ground. Yet through this the clearest signals have been
sent--so clear, indeed, as at one time to raise the question
whether it would not be worth while to grapple for the first
old Atlantic cable ever laid, and with these new instruments
working gently through it for a year or so, at least make it
pay cost."
As other things were on the same gigantic scale, by the time the big
ship had her cargo and stores on board, she was well laden. Of the cable
alone there were two thousand four hundred miles, coiled in three
immense tanks as the year before. Of this seven hundred and forty-eight
miles were a part of the cable of the last expedition. The tanks alone,
with the water in them, weighed over a thousand tons; and the cable
which they held, four thousand tons more; besides which she had to carry
eight thousand five hundred tons of coal and five hundred tons of
telegraph stores, making fourteen thousand tons, besides engines,
rigging, etc., which made nearly as much more. So enormous was the
burden, that it was thought prudent not to take on board all her coal
before she left the Medway, especially as the channel was winding and
shallow. It was therefore arranged that about a third of her coal should
be taken in at Berehaven, on the south-west coast of Ireland. With this
exception, her lading was complete.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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