The success was but temporary. The French concentrated overwhelming
numbers, and the army fell back on Antwerp, and then to Holland,
and suffered terribly in the dreadful winter of 1794. The stubborn
resistance of the rearguard, composed of the 14th, 37th, and 53rd,
supported on the flanks by the skilful and bold work of the 7th, 15th,
and 16th cavalry regiments, prevented a disaster which the indifference
or probable disaffection of the Dutch troops did not tend to lessen;
and finally, the dispirited but unbeaten force, abandoning its stores
and spiking the guns it could not take with it, reached Bremen. The
horrors of that dreadful march, begun on the 6th January 1795, are
only equalled by the retreat from Moscow of a French army later; but
the discipline and endurance of the troops was beyond all praise. The
contemporary records especially mention the Guards, the 27th, 33rd,
42nd, 44th, and 78th Regiments for their splendid discipline. The 28th,
too, were notorious for their strong regimental feeling. “Hospitals
were their aversion. Their home was the battalion, and they were
never happy away from it.” Of all the regiments, the hardy Scotsmen
of the 42nd fared best; and in this disastrous campaign, honourable
in all its details save that of mere success, another young officer,
Arthur Wellesley of the 33rd, first saw fire at Boxtel. Thus the end
of the last century was to give the early war-training to two great
antagonists--Napoleon at Toulon and Wellington at Boxtel. This alone
would render the military history of 1794-95 interesting to all who
read.
But the eighteenth century was to see yet another campaign in the
Netherlandic area. It had not been, on the whole, peculiarly favourable
to British arms, and the last campaign there was to be no exception to
the rule.
For, notwithstanding that the duke had the active co-operation of such
men as Ralph Abercromby and John Moore, not much came of it. The allied
Russians and British made little headway against the French with the
“Batavian Republic,” and a check at Alkmaar, followed by a victory at
Egmont-op-Zee on the 2nd October 1799 where, according to the duke,
“under Divine Providence,” the French were entirely defeated, and where
the Royals, the 20th, 25th, 49th, 63rd, 79th, and 92nd did their duty,
practically terminated the Helder campaign. For, after an armistice,
the British troops left the Netherlands, never to fight seriously in
that district until the final victory of 1815, when Wellington, who
first saw battle there, was to terminate a series of wars for which the
Low Countries had for more than a century been the “cockpit.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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