If Plassy had been the turning-point in the early days of British
effort at conquest, so Wandewash showed the natives the fighting
strength of other foreign aspirants for political power in India
besides France, and led as directly to the expulsion of the French from
the Indian Peninsula, as did the capture of Quebec settle for ever
the rivalry for supreme power in North America. With this victory the
fear of British power among the natives arose and strengthened. During
all this time, the power of the East India Company had been gradually
extending, and in 1773 was appointed the first Governor-General of
India, Warren Hastings. Meanwhile, as the years crept on, a new
native state was rising, that would also seek by a French alliance
to check the political advance of Great Britain in India. Hyder
Ali, a Mahometan chieftain in the army of Mysore, had succeeded in
establishing himself on the throne of his Hindu predecessor. Commanding
an irregular army estimated at 150,000 men, he was disposed to be
threatening; and on the principle of _divide et impera_, Hastings
proposed to play off, by alliance, the Deccan and Oudh against this
new disturbing element, which was fast spreading its influence over
Western and Northern India. In 1780 the chance arose. Hyder took the
offensive, defeated and massacred the small army under Colonel Baillie
at Conjeveram, and attacked Madras, but he was checked finally by Sir
Eyre Coote, and in 1783 the general peace put an end to hostilities,
though not for long, and though Hyder himself was dead.
By this time the European army had slightly increased. To the troops
already there had been added the 71st (then the 73rd), the 72nd (then
the 78th), and the old 73rd, and a second battalion of the 42nd; and
these had furnished the backbone of the resistance against Hyder Ali’s
son Tippoo Saib.
There was hard fighting at Mangalore, which gained for the 73rd the
honour of bearing the name on its colours for bravery during the seven
months of a dreadful siege; and against the French at Cuddalore, where
Colonel Wagenheim of the 15th Hanoverian Regiment made prisoner a young
French sergeant, and, struck by his appearance, personally directed
his wounds to be dressed. Many years after, when the victorious
French, under Marshal Bernadotte, entered Hanover, Wagenheim, by that
time an aged general, attended his levée. Bernadotte asked him if he
recollected the wounded French sergeant to whom he had been so kind
at Cuddalore. The general replied in the affirmative. “That young
sergeant,” replied the future king of Sweden, “was the person who
has now the honour to address you, and who rejoices in having this
public opportunity of acknowledging his debt of gratitude to General
Wagenheim.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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