Meanwhile General Brock reached Malden, held a council of war at which
Tecumseh with his following of a thousand Indians was present, and
sent to General Hull a summons to surrender. Hull refused to yield
and started messengers to recall an expedition of three hundred and
fifty men which he had despatched under two Ohio colonels, MacArthur
and Lewis Cass, to the River Raisin to rescue the necessary supplies
for the army. As soon as Hull’s reply was received two British vessels
moved up the river to Sandwich, where their guns could cover the
American fort. During the night Tecumseh and six hundred Indians
crossed to the American side of the river and established themselves
in the woods at a point where they could intercept the returning
Ohio colonels with their force. On the morning of August 16, General
Brock crossed the river with seven hundred soldiers. The British
commander had intended to take up a position and force Hull to attack
him, but after he reached the American bank of the river, he learned
from Tecumseh that the Ohio detachment was only a few miles away.
Fearing lest he be surrounded if he delay, Brock determined to make an
immediate attack.
Within his tent General Hull sat debating what to do. Should he
admit to his officers and men his desire to surrender at once, their
undisguised scorn at his previous delays would perhaps turn to open
mutiny; yet he felt sure that the fort must ultimately be taken, and
he dreaded the loss of life and possible Indian massacre should he
hold out. The British column began to advance. Every soldier expected
that the heavy American guns which were pointed toward them would be
lighted and discharged into their midst; instead, an American was
seen advancing from the fort with a white flag. Within an hour, and
without the firing of a single shot, the surprised British troops
found themselves in possession of Detroit. Hull included in the terms
of capitulation not only the troops within the fort but the Ohio
detachment now advancing up the river, so that General Brock gained
at least twenty-five hundred prisoners of war. The mortification
of the country at the whole course of the war vented itself after
this surrender upon General Hull, who was really the victim of poor
management of the army and lack of support at headquarters. He might
have been forced to give up Detroit within a few weeks unless he was
reënforced, but he could have kept Brock from returning to harry
Niagara in nine days.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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