The Story of the Great War, Volume 1: Introductions; Special Articles; Causes of War; Diplomatic and State Papers
History
The Story of the Great War, Volume 1: Introductions; Special Articles; Causes of War; Diplomatic and State Papers
World War, 1914-1918
This was made possible largely by what was known in Britain as the
motor-lorry system, unlike that of any other army, introduced in
1911. Horse transport was relegated solely to the work of
distributing, the conveyance of supplies to the areas occupied being
performed wholly by motor transport. As the daily run of a motor
lorry may be put at 100 miles, it follows that an army could advance
fifty miles from its railhead and still be easily served with food
and ammunition. Thus, for the first time in the history of war, the
British army had devised a system whereby fresh meat and bread could
be supplied daily to a distant army. If, as the Germans declared,
the British soldier thought more of his food than fight, this desire
at least had the effect of keeping the supply system to the topmost
notch. The same principle was used for ammunition columns, in no
case any of the men from the front being detailed in the work of
looking after munitions or supplies. Thus, while British
mobilization of men consisted mainly of the expeditionary force of
100,000, the British mobilization of auxiliary columns for aiding
the supply system of the Belgian and French army was of a size large
enough to look after several corps. By this means, recruits could be
constantly forwarded to the field of war, secure in the knowledge
that no matter how rapidly men were rushed to the front, the
question of supplies was already considered and the requisites were
in place awaiting the use of the new troops.
England's mobilization, especially when it is remembered that after
the first 150,000 it was all volunteers, was a marvelous thing. How
many men were sent no one could tell but Kitchener, and if ever a
man was born with a gift for telling nothing, that man is Kitchener.
How steadily recruits poured over no one knew. Officially, only
enough men were sent to fill up the losses in the 150,000, but
before the end of the year England's trained forces were immense.
The details of the mobilization of that first 100,000 men (the first
group of the expeditionary force) were marvelous. The railroads
running to the southeast were put into Government hands, trains were
scheduled at twelve minutes' distance apart, to run day and night,
every troop train was on schedule, and every one was unloaded and
out of the depot in time for the next train to pull in, every
transport was at the dock waiting, with another ready to take her
place, and the expeditionary force was in Boulogne in less than
forty-eight hours after the first mobilization order had been sent
out. It is not to be forgotten that Britain commandeered every ship
she needed from her huge mercantile marine, and thus had transports
not only for troops but also for supplies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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