The Story of the Great War, Volume 3: History of the European War from Official Sources
History
The Story of the Great War, Volume 3: History of the European War from Official Sources
World War, 1914-1918
The shattering of the Tenth Russian Army in the "winter battle" of the
Mazurian Lakes was part of a greater conflict which in February, 1915,
extended far down the armies on the right flank of the great Russian
battle line which ran from the Baltic to the Dniester. A "new gigantic
plan" of the Slavs was involved. As interpreted by the German General
Staff it meant that while the extreme northern wing of the Russian
armies was to sweep westward through the projecting section of
Germany, East Prussia, along the Baltic another Russian army was to
advance in force from the south against the corner formed by West
Prussia and the Vistula. With vast masses of cavalry in the van, it
was to break through the boundary between Mlawa and Thorn, and pushing
northward, come into the rear of those German forces which were facing
eastward against the attack aimed at East Prussia from the northeast.
For operations in this section the Russians had favorable railway
connections. Two railways terminating at Ostrolenka permitted the
rapid unloading of large masses of troops at this point, and the line
Warsaw-Mlawa-Soldau led straight into the territory aimed at by such
an invasion. It seemed easily credible that the Russian commander in
chief did, as reported, give orders that Mlawa should be taken be the
cost what it might.
The northern Russian armies based upon the fortresses of Kovno and
Grodno on the Niemen had not fully started on their part of this great,
well-planned undertaking when the German counteroffensive was suddenly
launched with tremendous strength from the Tilsit-Insterburg-Mazurian
Lakes line. The disaster which followed, and which banished all hope of
an advance of the Russians on this wing, has been described on a
preceding page. While the Germans, using to the best advantage their net
of railroads for the swift accumulation of troops, had gathered large
forces on the Mazurian Lakes line, they had at the same time
strengthened the troops standing on the southern boundary of West and
East Prussia. An artillery officer, General von Gallwitz, was placed in
command of this army with orders to protect the right flank of the
German armies attacking in Mazurian Land, and to prevent the expected
Russian attempt at invasion in his own sector of the front.
While the "winter battle" was raging to the east of him, Von Gallwitz
in the characteristic German fashion of defense by a strong offensive
moved forward up the right bank of the Vistula to Plozk. A cavalry
division and regiments of the Guard at Sierpe and Racionz, February
12-18, 1915, won well-earned laurels for themselves by driving an
enemy of superior strength before them. At Dobrin, according to German
report, they took 2,500 prisoners.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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