The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Popular impressions respecting the supposed terrestrial effects of
the comet of 1811--a fine object in the autumn of that year, long
remembered by many--are on record. It was gravely noted, that wasps
were very few in number; that flies became blind, and disappeared
early; and that twins were born more frequently than usual. The
season was remarkable for its bountiful harvest and abundant vintage.
Grapes, figs, melons, and other fruits, were not only produced in
extraordinary quantity, but of delicious flavor, so that “comet wines”
had distinct bins allotted to them in the cellars of merchants, and
were sold at high prices. There is, however, no fact better attested,
by a comparison of observations, than that comets have no influence
whatever in heightening or depressing the temperature of the seasons.
The fine fruits and ample harvest of the year in question were,
therefore, coincidences merely with the celestial phenomenon, without
the slightest physical connection with it.
Though the advanced civilization of recent times has led to juster
views of cometary apparitions than to regard them as divinely-appointed
omens of terrestrial calamity, yet society is apt to be nervous
respecting these bodies, as likely to cause some great natural
convulsion by collision with our globe.
The great comet, which in 1682 received first the name of Halley’s
comet, appeared last in 1835, his return having been foretold within
three days of its actually taking place. For Halley’s comet is a member
of the Solar System, having a yearly journey of seventy-six earthly
years. He journeys nearer the sun than Venus, and travels farther away
than Neptune.
In the years 1858, 1861, and 1862, three more comets appeared, all
visible without the help of a telescope. Of these three, Donati’s
comet, in 1858, was far superior to the rest. This fine object was
first discovered on the 2d of June by Dr. Donati, at Florence. It
appeared at first as a faint nebulous patch of light, without any
remarkable condensation; and as its motion towards the sun at that
time was slow, it was not till the beginning of September that it
became visible to the naked eye. A short tail was then seen on the side
opposite to the sun.
[Illustration: DONATI’S COMET, 1858.]
The development was afterwards rapid, and the comet became equally
interesting to the professional astronomer and to the unlearned gazer.
In the first week of October the tail attained its greatest length,
36°. At this time the tail was sensibly curved, and had the appearance
of a large ostrich-feather when waved gently in the hand. At the latter
end of October the comet was lost in the evening twilight. Its nearest
approach to the earth was about equal to half the distance of the earth
from the sun, and the nearest approach to Venus was about one-ninth
part of that distance. An elliptical orbit, with a periodic time of
more than 2,000 years, has been assigned to our late visitor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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