The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
It used to be supposed that many of these clusters were other vast
gatherings or galaxies of stars, like the Milky Way, lying at enormous
distances from us. This now seems unlikely. The present idea rather is,
that each cluster, in place of being another “Milky Way” of millions of
widely-scattered suns, is one great _star-system_, consisting indeed
of thousands of suns, but all moving round one center. Probably most
of these clusters are themselves a part of the collection of stars to
which our sun belongs.
If this be so, and if worlds are traveling among the suns--as may well
be, since they are doubtless quite far enough apart for each sun to
have his own little or great system of planets--what sights must be
seen by the inhabitants of such planets!
We do not indeed know the distance between the separate suns of
a cluster, which may be far greater than appears to us. But if
astronomers calculate rightly, they are near enough together to shed
bright light on all sides of a planet revolving in their midst. The
said planet might perhaps not have within view a single sun equal in
apparent size to our sun as seen from earth; yet thousands of lesser
suns, shining brightly in the firmament night and day, would cause a
radiance which we never enjoy.
No, not _night_. In such a world there could be no night. Worlds in the
midst of a star-cluster must be regions of perpetual day. No night, no
starry heaven, no sunrise lights or sunset glories, no shadow mingling
with sunshine, but one continual, ceaseless blaze of brightness. We can
hardly picture, even in imagination, such a condition of things.
[Illustration: THE GREAT NEBULA IN ANDROMEDA, COMPARED WITH SIZE OF THE
SOLAR SYSTEM.]
Besides star-clusters there are also nebulæ. The word _nebula_ comes
from the Latin word for “cloud,” and the nebulæ are so named from their
cloudlike appearance.
It is not easy to draw a line of clear division between nebulæ and
distant star-clusters; for both have at first sight the same dim,
white, cloudy look. In past days the star-clusters were included
by astronomers under the general class of nebulæ. And as with the
star-clusters, so with many of the nebulæ, the more powerful telescopes
of modern days have shown them to be great clusters, or systems, or
galaxies of stars, at vast distances from us.
It was supposed with the nebulæ, as with some of the star-clusters,
that they were other “Milky Ways” of countless stars, far beyond the
outside boundaries of our Milky Way. This may still be true of some or
many nebulæ, but certainly not of all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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