The story of the sun, moon, and starsGiberne, Agnes
Science
The story of the sun, moon, and stars
Giberne, Agnes
Astronomy -- Juvenile literature
Majestic, indeed, are the proportions of some of those mighty flames
which leap from the surface of the sun, yet these flames flicker, as
do our terrestrial flames, when we allow them time comparable to their
gigantic dimensions. Drawings of the same prominence often show great
changes in a few hours, or even less. The magnitude of the changes
could not be less than many thousands of miles, and the actual velocity
with which such masses move is often not less than one hundred miles
a second. Still more violent are the solar convulsions, which some
observers have been so fortunate as to behold, when from the sun’s
surface, as from a mighty furnace, vast incandescent masses are
projected upwards. All indications point to the surface of the sun as
the seat of the most frightful storms and tempests, in which the winds
sweep along incandescent vapors.
The corona consists of two parts--the inner and brighter corona, the
outer and fainter corona. The shape of the whole seems to change much
at different times. The outer edge is usually blurred and indistinct,
fading gently away.
Many explanations have been suggested. At one time the corona was
supposed to be a solar atmosphere, reflecting light like our own
atmosphere. Some have thought the light might be caused by countless
myriads of meteorite systems, revolving in the close neighborhood of
the sun. Some suppose it may be owing, in part at least, to solar
eruptions, and the pouring outward of burning gas and matter. But our
knowledge of the true nature of the corona is yet in its infancy.
A few closing words as to the size and weight of the sun. In diameter,
eight hundred and fifty-eight thousand miles, and in bulk equal to
one million two hundred and eighty thousand earths, his weight is in
proportion less. Our earth is about four times as dense as the sun. If
her size were increased to the sun’s size, her density being the same
as now, she would be very much heavier than the sun, and would attract
much more strongly. Still, though the sun is of lighter materials than
the earth, his immense size gives him weight equal to seven hundred and
fifty times as much as all the planets put together.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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