THE ALTAZIMUTH MOUNTING.—Having got a telescope, we have next to see how it can be best supported, for unless it be a very small instrument indeed, it will be impossible to hold it in the hand like a spy-glass. However a telescope be mounted, provision must be made for turning it to any part of the sky whatsoever. Very frequently one of the axes on which the instrument turns is vertical, while the other is horizontal. Such a stand for a telescope is called an _altazimuth mounting_, for the reason that it permits the instrument to be moved in altitude and in azimuth. As a rule, one finds only small telescopes mounted in this manner. The objection to it is that, as one continues to observe a heavenly body, two independent movements must be given to the telescope in order to follow the body in its diurnal movement across the heavens. If we commence observing a star newly risen, for example, the telescope must trace a star-like path in order to follow it as it ascends into the heavens. THE EQUATORIAL TELESCOPE.—A much more convenient method of setting up a telescope is to mount it as an _equatorial_. The essential feature of this instrument is that one of the axes of movement, instead of being vertical, is placed parallel to the axis of the earth. This is called the _polar axis_, and, when the telescope is turned around such an axis, it traces out curves in the sky which are identical with those described by the stars in their diurnal motions. If, then, the telescope be directed to a star or other heavenly body, it can be made to follow the object and keep it in view by a single movement. The axis at right angles to the polar axis is called the declination axis, and is necessary in order that the telescope may be moved toward and from the poles so that all the heavenly bodies above the horizon may be included in its sweep. One very important advantage of the equatorial is that, as only one motion is required to keep a star in view, so long as it is above the horizon, the necessary movement may be furnished by clockwork. A good equatorial is accordingly provided with a driving-clock, which is regulated so that it would drive the telescope through a whole revolution once a day. Unlike an ordinary clock, the driving-clock of a telescope is regulated by a governor, in order that the instrument may have a continuous and not a jerky movement.