The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
History
The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
To number the meteors baffled all our arithmetic; while we strove
to count on the one side many of them hurried by on the other. The
vivid brilliance of the meteors was sharply contrasted with the
silence of their flight. We heard on that marvelous night no sounds
save those with which we were familiar. The flights of the celestial
rockets were attended with no noises that we could hear. The meteors
were no doubt somewhat various as to size, but the characteristic
feature of this shower, as contrasted with another great shower I
have also seen, was the remarkable brilliance of the shooting stars.
It was their exceptional splendor even more than their innumerable
profusion that gave to the shower its peculiarity. As to the actual
brilliancy of the meteors, I am enabled to give the accurate
estimate made by Mr. Baxendell at Manchester, where the shower was
well seen. Out of every hundred of these meteors ten were brighter
than a first magnitude star, and two or three of them were brighter
than Sirius. Fifteen out of each hundred were between the first and
second magnitudes, and twenty-five were between the second and third
magnitudes, while the remainder were smaller.
Some important facts with regard to ancient shooting-star showers
have survived the thousand and one casualties to which historical
records are exposed. A careful discussion of those which are
sufficiently accurate to be intelligible discloses to us the
startling fact that in general every thirty-three years a grand
shooting-star shower has rained down on our earth. It sometimes
happens that two consecutive years are rendered memorable by great
showers. At present the day of the year on which this particular
shower is wont to appear is about the 13th November; but in earlier
ages we find the date to shift slowly toward the commencement of the
year. Thus the display which took place in A. D. 1698 was on the 9th
of November; while, looking back still further to one of the very
earliest records, viz., that of the year 934, we find the date has
receded to October 14th. This change of the day on which the shower
occurs is of profound theoretical importance in connection with the
discovery of the orbit which these meteors pursue. The advance of the
date is, however, so slow that for the past few generations, as well
as for the next, we may sufficiently define this particular shower by
the meteors which enliven the skies between the 12th and the 14th of
November. In fact, the poetaster has parodied the well-known lines
for the days of the month by a similar effort, which will serve to
remind us also of another periodic shower of shooting stars which
occurs in August. He writes:
“If you November’s stars would see,
From twelfth to fourteenth watching be.
In August too stars shine from heaven,
On nights between nine and eleven.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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