The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
History
The story of the universe. Volume 1 (of 4) : $b The starry skies
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
Now, we have in this general law a means of passing beyond the
bounds of the Solar System, and forming no indistinct conceptions
as to the existence and character of worlds circling around other
suns. For these orbs, like our sun, contain in their substance many
of the so-called terrestrial elements, while it may not unsafely
be asserted that all, or nearly all, those elements, and few or no
elements unknown to us, exist in the substance of every single star
that shines upon us from the celestial concave. Hence we conclude
that round those suns also there circle orbs constituted like
themselves, and therefore containing the elements with which we are
familiar. And the mind is immediately led to speculate on the uses
which those elements are intended to subserve. If iron, for example,
is present in some noble orb circling around Sirius, we speculate
not unreasonably respecting the existence on that orb—either now or
in the past, or at some future time—of beings capable of applying
that metal to the useful purposes which man makes it subserve.
The imagination suggests immediately the existence of arts and
sciences, trades and manufactures, on that distant world. We know
how intimately the use of iron has been associated with the progress
of human civilization, and though we must ever remain in ignorance
of the actual condition of intelligent beings in other worlds, we
are yet led, by the mere presence of an element which is so closely
related to the wants of man, to believe, with a new confidence, that
for such beings those worlds must in truth have been fashioned.
I would fain dwell longer on the thoughts suggested by the researches
of Kirchhoff. Gladly too would I enter at length on an account of
those interesting discoveries which have been made in connection with
the total eclipses of the sun. One point, however, remains which is
too intimately connected with my subject to be passed over.
I refer to the sun’s corona.
It has been proved that the solar prominences consist of glowing
vapors, hydrogen being their chief constituent. It has been
found also, by comparing Mr. Lockyer’s observations of the
prominence-spectra with Dr. Frankland’s elaborate researches
into the peculiarities presented by the spectrum of hydrogen at
different pressures, that even in the very neighborhood of the solar
photosphere these vapors probably exist at a pressure so moderate as
to indicate that the limits of the sun’s vaporous envelope can not
lie very far (relatively) from the outer solar cloud-layer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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