CRENATURES, divisions of the margin of a crenate leaf. CREST, an appendage to fruits or seeds. CRIBRIFORM, riddled with holes. CRISP, having an undulated margin. CRUCIFORM, arranged like the parts of a cross, as the flowers of _Cruciferæ_. CRUSTACEOUS, hard, thin, and brittle. CRYPTOGAMOUS, with the organs of reproduction obscure. CUCULLATE, formed like a hood or cowl. CULM, stem or stalk of grasses. CUNEIFORM, or CUNEATE, shaped like a wedge. CUPULA, the cup of the acorn, formed by aggregate bracts. CUSPIDATE, prolonged into an attenuated point. CUTICLE, the thin membrane that covers the epidermis. CYCLOSIS, movement of the latex in laticiferous vessels, and of the fluid cell contents within the cell. CYMBIFORM, shaped like a boat. CYME, a kind of definite inflorescence, in which the flowers are in racemes, corymbs, or umbels, the successive central flowers expanding first. CYPSELA, monospermal fruit of _Compositæ_. CYTOBLAST, the nucleus of a cell. CYTOGENESIS, cell development. D DECIDUOUS, falling off after performing its functions for a limited time, as the calyx of _Ranunculus_. DECIDUOUS TREES, those which lose their leaves annually. DECIMETRE, the tenth part of a metre, or ten centimetres. DECLINATE, directed downward from its base. DECOMPOUND, a leaf cut into numerous compound divisions. DECORTICATED, deprived of bark. DECUMBENT, lying flat along the ground, and rising from it at the apex. DECURRENT, leaves which are attached along the side of a stem below their point of insertion; such stems are often called winged. DECUSSATE, opposite leaves crossing each other in pairs at right angles. DEDUPLICATION, same as Chorisis. DEFINITE, applied to inflorescence when it ends in a single flower, and the expansion of the flower is centrifugal; also when the number of the parts of an organ is limited, as when the stamens are under twenty. DEFLEXED, bent downward in a continuous curve. DEFOLIATION, the fall of the leaves. DEGENERATION, when an organ is changed from its usual appearance, and becomes less highly developed as when scales take the place of leaves. DEHISCENCE, mode of opening of an organ, as of the seed-vessels and anthers. DELTOID, like the Greek Δ in form. DEMULCENT, an emollient. DENTATE, toothed, having short triangular divisions of the margin. DENTICULATE, finely toothed, having small tooth-like projections along the margin. DENTIFORM, tooth-shaped. DEPENDENT, hanging down. DEPRESSED, flattening of a solid organ from above downward. DETERGENT, having a cleansing power. DIADELPHOUS, stamens in two bundles, united by their filaments. DIANDROUS, having two stamens. DIAPHANOUS, transparent. DICHLAMYDEOUS, having calyx and corolla. DICHOTOMOUS, stem dividing by twos. DICLINOUS, unisexual flower either monœcious or diœcious.