SPORIDIUM, a cellular germinating body in cryptogamia, containing two or more cells in its interior. SPORULES, the small spores in cryptogamia. SQUAMIFORM, like scales. SQUAMOSE, covered with scales. SQUARROSE, covered with processes spreading at right angles, or in a greater degree. STAMEN, the male organ of the flower formed by a stalk or filament, and the anther containing pollen. STAMINATE, applied to a male flower, or to plants bearing male flowers. STAMINODIUM, an abortive stamen. STANDARD, same as Vexillum. STELLATE, like a star. STERIGMATA, cells bearing naked spores; also cellular filaments bearing spermata and stylospores in the spermogones and pycnides. STERILE, male flowers not bearing fruit. STICHIDIA, pod-like receptacles, containing spores. STIGMA, the upper cellular secreting portion of the pistil uncovered with epidermis. STIGMATIC, belonging to the stigma. STIPE, the stalk of fern fronds; the stalk bearing the pileus in Agarics. STIPEL, appendage at the base of a leaflet. STIPITATE, supported on a stalk. STIPULATE, furnished with stipules. STIPULE, appendage at the base of leaves. STOLON, a sucker at first aerial, and then rooting. STOLONIFEROUS, having creeping runners, which root at the joints. STOMATA, openings in the epidermis of plants, especially in the leaves. STOOL, a plant from which layers are propagated by bending down the branches so as to root in the soil. STRAP-SHAPED, same as Ligulate; linear, or about six times as long as broad. STRIATED, marked by streaks or striæ. STRIGOSE, covered with rough, strong, adpressed hairs. STROBILUS, a cone, applied to the fruit of firs, as well as to that of the hop. STROPHIOLE, a swelling on the surface of a seed. STRUMA, a cellular swelling at the point where a leaflet joins the midrib; also a swelling below the sporangium of mosses. STYLE, the stalk interposed between the ovary and the stigma. STYLOPOD, an epigynous disk seen at the base of the styles of _Umbelliferæ_. STYLOSPORE, a spore-like body, borne on a sterigma, or cellular stalk, in the pycnides of lichens. SUBEROUS, having a corky texture. SUBTERRANEAN, underground; same as Hypogeal. SUBULATE, shaped like a cobbler’s awl. SUCCULENT, soft and juicy. SUFFRUTICOSE, having the characters of an under-shrub. SULCATE, furrowed or grooved. SUPERIOR, applied to the ovary when free, or not adherent to the calyx; to the calyx, when it is adherent to the ovary; to the part of a flower placed next the axis. SUPERNATANT, floating on the surface. SUPRA-DECOMPOUND, doubly compounded. SUSPENDED, applied to an ovule which hangs from a point a little below the apex of the ovary. SUSPENSOR, the cord which suspends the embryo, and is attached to the radicle in the young state. SUTURAL, applied to that kind of dehiscence which takes place at the sutures of the fruit.