VERTICILLASTER, a false whorl, formed of two nearly sessile cymes, placed in the axils of opposite leaves, as in dead nettles. VESICLE, another name for a cell or utricle. VEXILLARY, applied to æstivation when the vexillum is folded over the other parts of the flower. VEXILLUM, standard, the upper or posterior petal of a papilionaceous flower. VILLOUS, covered with long soft hairs, and having a wooly appearance. VIRESCENT, green. VIRGATE, long and straight, like a wand. VISCOUS, or VISCID, clammy, like bird-lime. VITELLUS, the embryo-sac when persistent in the seed. VITTÆ, cells or clavate tubes containing oil in the pericarp of _Umbelliferæ_. VIVIPAROUS, plants producing leaf-buds instead of fruit. VOLUBILE, twining; a stem or tendril twining round other plants. VOLVA, wrapper; the organ which incloses the parts of fructification in some fungi in their young state. VULNERARY, having a healing power. W WATTLED, having processes like the wattles of a cock. WHORLED, same as Verticillate. WINGS, the two lateral petals of a papilionaceous flower, or the broad flat edge of any organ. X XANTHOPHYLL, yellow coloring matter in plants. Z ZONES, stripes or belts. ZOOSPORE, a moving spore provided with cilia, called also Zoosperm and Sporozoid. END OF VOLUME THREE FOOTNOTES: [1] In the Eocene of Australia. [2] The writer has shown that much of the material of the great lignite beds of the Canadian Northwest consists of wood of _Sequoia_ of both the modern types. [3] This famous tree was blown down by a storm in 1868. It was believed to have been five or six thousand years old.--E. S. [4] Asplenium Ruta muraria. [5] I need hardly observe that, botanically, these are not true seeds, but rather motile buds. [6] Some two out of one hundred and fifty species of Solanum are useful to man. [7] Silk-plant, Stipa pennata. [8] Isabel color is a pale yellow, or buff, the shade of old linen, and received its name from Isabel of Austria, daughter of Philip II of Spain, who at the siege of Ostende, made the singular vow not to change her linen until that town fell into her hands. The siege lasted over three years.--E. S. TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the text and consultation of external sources. Some hyphens in words have been silently removed, some added, when a predominant preference was found in the original book. Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained.