Among African beasts of prey are the lion, panther, leopard, wolf, fox, hyena, and jackal. Three varieties of the lion occur--that of Northern Africa, of the countries on the Senegal, and of the extreme south, toward the Orange River. There are two hyenas--one, the spotted hyena, a native of Southern Africa; the other, the striped hyena, indigenous to the more northerly parts of the continent, and extending its range from Abyssinia and Barbary into Western Asia. The wolf and the jackal belong to Northern Africa. Of ruminants, there are no less than sixty species of the antelope kind, which is especially abundant in Southern Africa. The camelopard or giraffe is peculiar to this continent, and ranges from the banks of the Gariep to the southern borders of the Sahara, but is not found upon the western coasts. Several species of buffalo occur in a wild state, and are most abundant within the outlying districts of the Cape Colony. Sheep and goats abound in most parts of Africa, but are probably not indigenous; both in Barbary and near the Cape of Good Hope--at the opposite extremities of the continent--are found sheep with broad, fat tails, so large as sometimes to weigh from ten to thirty pounds. The camel of Africa is found all over its northern and central regions. Of the Pachydermata, or thick-skinned animals, the most characteristic are the elephant, rhinoceros, and hippopotamus. The elephant is found dispersed, in immense herds of from one to three hundred, all over the wooded regions of Central and Southern Africa, and the rhinoceros frequents principally the same localities. The ivory supplied by the tusks of the former is one of the most valuable native products of this quarter of the globe. The rhinoceros is valued chiefly for its hide, which is made into shields and harness. The hippopotamus is found in the upper part of the Nile valley, and in all the lakes and rivers to the southward of the Great Desert--including the Senegal, the Gambia, the Congo, and the Gariep. This animal is peculiar to Africa; its teeth consist of the finest ivory, for the sake of which it is hunted by the settlers of the Cape. All three of these animals are used as food by the native races of the South African interior. The wild boar is found in some parts of Africa: the zebra, dow, and quagga (all peculiar to this continent) abound in its central and southern regions, particularly in the arid plains in the neighborhood of the Orange River. Of the African Quadrumana, monkeys, baboons, apes, and lemurs abound in the forests throughout every part of the continent. The chimpanzee of the western coasts (from the neighborhood of Sierra Leone to the 10th parallel of S. latitude) makes nearer approach to the human form than the orang-outang of Southeastern Asia, but is surpassed in this respect by the gorilla, one of the largest of the ape tribe, which inhabits the forests in the neighborhood of the Gaboon River (0° 30′ N. lat.).