The Mongolian variety of man is distinguished by a greater approach to squareness in the shape of the skull (viewed from above), with greater prominence in the cheek-bones--so that lines prolonged from the sides of the face upward meet in a point, giving the entire framework of the head a pyramidal shape. The forehead is comparatively low and slanting; the face and nose broad and flat; the eyes deeply sunk, with the inner corner slanting toward the nose; the complexion of an olive or yellowish-brown color, the hair lank and black, the beard scanty, the stature below that of Europeans, and the frame generally broad, square, and robust, with high shoulders, and the neck thick and strong. These attributes are much less strongly marked in the case of some nations of Mongol parentage than in others, and in the instances of the Magyars, Turks, and Finns--long settled among the Caucasian family--have in great measure disappeared. In point of color, the Mongolian is known as the _yellow_ variety of mankind. The name of Mongolian, applied to this branch of the human family, is derived from the nomad races who peopled the upland plains of Central Asia. It comprehends, besides the Mongols proper, the vast population of China (above a third of the entire human family), together with the Burmese, Siamese, and other inhabitants of the southeastern peninsula of Asia, and the native tribes of the Siberian lowland. The Turks and the Magyars, in Southeastern and Central Europe, the Finns, Samoiedes, and Laplanders, in the extreme north of the same continent, and the Eskimos, in the correspondent latitudes of the New World, belong to the same stock. In all, probably three-fifths of the population of Asia, and more than a half of the population of the globe, are comprehended within this division of mankind. The Negro, or _black_ variety of mankind, is distinguished in general by the elongated form of the skull, combined with a low facial angle. The eyes, as well as the skin, are black; the nose broad, flat, and thick; the cheek-bones prominent; the lips thick; the jaws (especially the lower one) narrow and projecting; the hair woolly; the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet flat; and the forms of the arms and lower extremities generally clumsy and ungraceful. These attributes, however, are very much modified in the case of some members of the Negro race, and they belong in very various degree to the different Negro nations who inhabit the African continent. The black skin, woolly hair, thick lips, and elongated skull are the most striking features of the Negro race.