The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : $b The earth's creatures : fauna
History
The story of the universe. Volume 4 (of 4) : $b The earth's creatures : fauna
Astronomy; Earth (Planet); Natural history
The lancets do not appear to be united with the sheath in any part,
but simply to lie in its groove; their basal portions pass out into
the body behind the sheath, where you see a number of muscle-bands
crowded around them: these, acting in various directions, and being
inserted into the lancets at various points, exercise a complete
control over their movements, projecting or retracting them at their
will. But each lancet has a singular projection from its back,
which appears to act in some way as a guide to its motion, probably
preventing it from slipping aside when darted forth, for the bulbous
part of the sheath, in which these projections work, seems formed
expressly to receive them.
Thus we see an apparatus beautifully contrived to enter the flesh
of an enemy: the two spears finely pointed, sharp-edged, and
saw-toothed, adapted for piercing, cutting, and tearing; the reversed
direction of the teeth gives the weapon a hold in the flesh, and
prevents it from being readily drawn out. Here is an elaborate
store of power for the jactation of the javelins, in the numerous
muscle-bands; here is a provision made for the precision of the
impulse; and finally, here is a polished sheath for the reception of
the weapons and their preservation when not in actual use. All this
is perfect; but something still was wanting to render the weapons
effective, and that something your experience has proved to be
supplied.
The mere intromission of these points, incomparably finer and
sharper than the finest needle that was ever polished in a Sheffield
workshop, would produce no result appreciable to our feelings; and
most surely would not be followed by the distressing agony attendant
on the sting of a bee. We must look for something more than we have
seen.
We need not be long in finding it. For here, at the base of the
sheath, into which it enters by a narrow neck, lies a transparent
pear-shaped bag, its surface covered all over, but especially toward
the neck, with small glands set transversely. It is rounded behind,
where it is entered by a very long and slender membraneous tube,
which, after many turns and windings, gradually thickening and
becoming more evidently glandular, terminates in a blind end.
This is the apparatus for preparing and ejecting a powerful poison.
The glandular end of the slender tube is the secreting organ: here
the venom is prepared; the remainder of the tube is a duct for
conveying it to the bag, a reservoir in which it is stored for the
moment of use. By means of the neck it is thrown into the groove at
the moment the sting is projected, the same muscles, probably, that
dart forward the weapon compressing the poison-bag and causing it to
pour forth its contents into the groove, whence it passes on between
the two spears into the wound which they have made.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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