1. 'Epistulae Senecae, Neronis imperatoris magistri, ad Paulum Apostolum et Pauli Apostoli ad Senecam.' These letters, fourteen in all, are accepted as genuine by Jerome, _de vir. illustr._ 12. 'Seneca ... quem non ponerem in catalogo sanctorum, nisi me epistulae illae provocarent, quae leguntur a plurimis, Pauli ad Senecam et Senecae ad Paulum.' 2. A work extant under the title of _Sententiae Rufi_ has been wrongly thought to correspond to Seneca's dying words mentioned in Tac. _Ann._ xv. 63. 3. The book _De moribus_ or _Monita_ contains maxims by Christian writers. _Views and Character._--For Seneca's training in Stoic doctrines see _Ep._ 108, 13 (quoted p. 241). With these views he generally associates himself (cf. _Ep._ 113, 1; 117, 1), but does not bind himself to one school. Cf. _Ep._ 45, 4, 'Non enim me cuiquam emancipavi, nullius nomen fero. Multum magnorum virorum iudicio credo, aliquid et meo vindico.' Especially towards the end of his life, he came under the influence of Demetrius the Cynic. _Ep._ 62, 3, 'Demetrium, virorum optimum, mecum circumfero et relictis conchyliatis cum illo seminudo loquor, ilium admiror. Quidni admirer? vidi nihil ei deesse.' In _de provid._ 5, 7, after quoting Demetrius' fatalistic views, Seneca adds, 'Fata nos ducunt, et quantum cuique temporis restat, prima nascentium hora disposuit.' Seneca was one of the few Romans who condemned the butcheries practised in the arena, and his views doubtless influenced Nero's conduct in A.D. 58. _Ep._ 95, 33, 'Homo, sacra res homini, iam per lusum ac iocum occiditur et quem erudiri ad inferenda accipiendaque volnera nefas erat, is iam nudus inermisque producitur satisque spectaculi ex homine mors est.' Tac. _Ann._ xiii. 31, 'Edixit Caesar ne quis magistratus aut procurator, qui provinciam obtineret, spectaculum gladiatorum aut ferarum aut quod aliud ludicrum ederet.' For Seneca's love of wealth see p. 246. For his estimate of riches cf. _De vita beata_, 22, 5. 'Apud me divitiae aliquem locum habent, apud te summum ac postremum. Divitiae meae sunt, tu divitiarum es.' His simplicity of life has been already dealt with. Dio, lxi. 10, 2, gives a most unjust account of Seneca's character: πάντα τὰ ἐναντιώτατα οἷς ἐφιλοσόφει ποιῶν ἠλέγχθη. καὶ γὰρ τυραννίδος κατηγορῶν τυραννοδιδάσκαλος ἐγίνετο, καὶ τῶν συνόντων τοῖς δυνάσταις κατατρέχων οὐκ ἀφίστατο τοῦ παλατίου ... τοῖς τε πλουσίοις ἐγκαλῶν οὐσίαν ἑπτακισχιλίων καὶ πεντακοσίων μυριάδων ἐκτήσατο. Seneca followed no traditional style. Cf. _Ep._ 100, 6, 'De compositione non constat'; _Ep._ 114, 13, 'Oratio certam regulam non habet.' Quintilian, x. 1, 125-131, attacks his style, though admitting his great powers. CURTIUS RUFUS.