The Student's Elements of GeologyLyell, Charles, Sir
Science
The Student's Elements of Geology
Lyell, Charles, Sir
Geology
At La Thène, in the northern angle of the lake of Neufchâtel, a great
many articles of iron have been obtained, which in form and
ornamentation are entirely different both from those of the bronze
period and from those used by the Romans. Gaulish and Celtic coins have
also been found there by MM. Schwab and Desor. They agree in character
with remains, including many iron swords, which have been found at
Tiefenau, near Berne, in ground supposed to have been a battle-field;
and their date appears to have been anterior to the great Roman
invasion of Northern Europe, though perhaps not long before that
event.[3] Coins, which sometimes occur in deposits of the age of iron,
have never yet been found in formations of the ages of bronze or stone.
The period of bronze must have been one of foreign commerce, as tin,
which enters into this metallic mixture in the proportion of about ten
per cent to the copper, was obtained by the ancients chiefly from
Cornwall.[4] Very few human bones of the bronze period have been met
with in the Danish peat, or in the Swiss lake-dwellings, and this
scarcity is generally attributed by archæologists to the custom of
burning the dead, which prevailed in the age of bronze.
POST-PLIOCENE PERIOD
From the foregoing observations we may infer that the ages of iron and
bronze in Northern and Central Europe were preceded by a stone age, the
Neolithic, referable to that division of the post-tertiary epoch which
I have called Recent, when the mammalia as well as the other organic
remains accompanying the stone implements were of living species. But
memorials have of late been brought to light of a still older age of
stone, for which, as above stated, the name Paleolithic has been
proposed, when man was contemporary in Europe with the elephant and
rhinoceros, and various other animals, of which many of the most
conspicuous have long since died out.
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