The Study of Elementary Electricity and Magnetism by Experiment: Containing Two Hundred Experiments Performed with Simple, Home-made ApparatusSt. John, Thomas M. (Thomas Matthew)
Science
The Study of Elementary Electricity and Magnetism by Experiment: Containing Two Hundred Experiments Performed with Simple, Home-made Apparatus
_Apparatus._ Same as in Exp. 125; the two-ohm resistance coil,
R C (No. 79); a coil of wire, X, as, for example, the 15-turn
coil on the galvanoscope, G V (No. 58).
_Arrange_ as in Fig. 105. You will observe that the central
conductor of the bridge (2, Fig. 104) takes the place of M P in
previous explanations. We still have the same kind of a divided
circuit as explained in Exp. 125, A G being connected with
points of equal potential. It will be found convenient to have
D C at the right, and A G facing you at the left, the key being
in front. (See Exp. 107 in regard to adjusting A G.)
Notice that you have a standard resistance (2 ohms) in place of
R, Fig. 102, and an unknown resistance (galvanoscope coil) in
place of X. (See § 330.)
=329. Directions.= (A) Touch the free end of wire, 3, to
the left-hand side of the bridge-wire, press the key for an
instant, only, and note the direction taken by the right-hand
end of the needle. Move the end of wire, 3, to the right-hand
side of the bridge-wire, touch key, watching needle. Does the
needle move more or less than before? In the same or opposite
direction? If the deflections are opposite, the point that has
the same potential as binding-post, 2, must be _between_ the
two points touched.
(B) Be sure that all connections are good. Find the point on
G-s W, at which there is no deflection, as directed in Exp. 125
(C). Note the readings on the scale, as explained in § 324.
(C) Make the proper calculation, § 327, 328, and find the
resistance of the coil of G V, the resistances of the wires
joining R C and G V to the bridge being neglected.
(D) Make proper allowances for the resistances of the wires
just mentioned (see § 330), and compare them with the results
found in part (C).
=330. Allowances for connections.= It should be remembered that
the wires joining R C and G V to the bridge also have some
resistance. Such connections, in regular instruments, are made
by heavy copper straps or by thick, short wires, so that their
resistances can be neglected. In case you use the ordinary No.
24 copper wire, as directed, the resistances of the pieces
can be measured by means of the bridge, or you can calculate
their resistances from the wire tables. The resistances should
be allowed for. It is evident that your standard resistance
is 2 ohms _plus_ the resistance of the connecting wires, and
that the resistance of the coil, X, is found by deducting the
resistance of its connecting wires from that found from the
proportion previously used.
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