Offensively the submarine will be of little value when brought to its highest point of development, for when every nation is fully equipped with submarines the menace of these vessels will keep enemy surface ships from venturing on the sea. There will be nothing for the submarines to attack except ships of their own kind, and that, of course, will be impossible. Thus wars between maritime nations will come to be nothing more than a mutual check; no surface ships or transports will dare to move in any direction. Offensive warfare will thus end, and each nation will be playing a waiting game, relying upon her submarines for defence. This is the destiny of the submarine. This has been the aim and the prophecy of the pioneers in submarine development. There is nothing which will stand in the way of the accomplishment of this happy result. The success of the submarine in the present war has at last forced those in power--and among them many who bitterly opposed its development--to recognize the value of this weapon. Submarine designers and submarine inventors will from now on receive the encouragement and the attention of naval authorities throughout the world. Hence we may expect to see the submarine developed and improved until it has many times the efficiency, speed, and destructive power which is possessed by it to-day. We may also expect to see the industrial possibilities of the submarine developed to a high degree within a few years. Travel will be made safer, rich cargoes will be recovered, and the ocean will be forced to give up its wealth and its products to the uses of man in greater quantity than ever before. Thus, instead of following a career of murder and of piracy, the submarine is destined to protect the weak, to strengthen the strong, and to serve humanity in general as an agent for prosperity and for peace. INDEX A A-8, English submarine, 47 A-1, English submarine, 48 Abbott, Leon, 123 Aerial torpedoes, 240 Aeroplanes, 234ff Air supply, question of, 49-51 "Alligator," Russian submarine, 67 "American Turtle," 79, 80, 149ff "Amphibious" submarines, 202ff Anchoring weights, 20, 21 Appropriation, U. S., 1893, requirements, 161ff Appropriation, U. S., 1915, requirements, 175 "Argonaut," 1, 7, 10, 36, 41, 50, 55, 58, 60, 70, 125, 177ff, 264, 270, 276 "Argonaut, Junior," 125, 127, 176ff Asphyxiation, 32, 70 B Baker, G. F., 121, 161, 163 Ballast tanks, 9 "Battle of the Kegs," 81 Becklemechief, Capt., 65 Berg, H. O., 137 Blinding the submarine, 244 Board on Submarine Defense, report of, 209ff, 215ff Bombs, 248 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 81 Bottom wheels, 216, 219 Bourgois and Brun, 153 Brayton engines, 94 Bubonoff, Constructor, 65 Buoyancy, negative, 18-19 Buoyancy, positive, 18-19 Buoyancy, reserve of, 9 Bushnell, Dr. David, 79, 149 C Carbonic acid gas, engine, 10 Cargo-carrying submarines, 251ff