Many of these deposits are remarkable for the richness of their ores,
and for the large masses of native or crystallised silver which they
have sometimes yielded. From the mine of Himmelsfürst, near Freiberg in
Saxony, lumps or nuggets weighing above a hundred pounds have more than
once been extracted. The largest single block ever known was discovered
at Schneeberg, in the Saxon Erzgebirge, in the year 1477. It consisted
of silver-glance and native silver, and measured no less than seven
yards in length and three and a half in width. On hearing of this
magnificent prize, Duke Albrecht of Saxony visited the mine, where he
eat his dinner from the block. Agricola Bermannus relates that, during
the repast, he exclaimed, ‘Frederick is a wealthy and powerful emperor,
but he has never dined from a table such as this.’ The subsequent
smelting of this wonderful mass produced 40,000 pounds of solid silver.
Large nuggets of solid silver have likewise been found at Kongsberg. A
block weighing 560 pounds, which was discovered in 1666, is still
preserved as a curiosity in the Copenhagen Museum; and as a convincing
proof that the ancient riches of these northern mines are not yet
exhausted, a still larger block, weighing 750 pounds, was disinterred as
late as the year 1834.
Though native silver is found in many localities, our chief supply of
the precious metal is derived from the ores in which it is found
combined with other substances, such as silver-glance (sulphuret of
silver); antimonial silver; red-silver (sulphuret of silver and
antimony); horn silver (chloride of silver), &c. A considerable quantity
is likewise obtained as an accessory product from the lead mines, by
separating it from the galena or lead-glance, which usually contains a
small percentage of silver.
At present the mines of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which in the year
1851 produced 122,950 marks of silver, are the richest in Europe. In
Bohemia the mines of Birkenberg, near Przibram, yield on an average
40,000 marks a year, considerably more than the celebrated mine of
Schemnitz in Hungary, which in the year 1854 produced 26,064 marks.
Prussia obtains from her mines in the Hartz Mountains in Nassau and the
county of Mansfeld about 100,000 marks; and the kingdom of Saxony,
which, in proportion to its small extent, holds the first rank among the
silver-producing countries of Europe, produces annually about 53,000
marks. In Great Britain, silver is accessorily obtained from the lead
mines, to an amount of about 80,000 marks per annum. France produces
26,800 marks, Sweden and Norway 6,000 marks, and Italy 4,500; while
Spain, which in ancient times enriched Tyre and Carthage with the rich
produce of her silver mines, yields at present but an insignificant
quantity.
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