The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric TimesWilson, Thomas
Religion
The Swastika, the Earliest Known Symbol, and Its Migration: With Observations on the Migration of Certain Industries in Prehistoric Times
Wilson, Thomas
Industries, Primitive; Swastikas; Symbolism
Many examples of vases similar to fig. 172 are shown in the London, Paris,
and New York museums, and in other collections. (See figs. 149, 159.) Fig.
174 shows an Attic painted vase (_Lebes_) of the Archaic period, from
Athens. It is a pale yellowish ground, probably the natural color, with
figures in maroon. It belongs to the British Museum. It bears on the front
side five Swastikas, all of different styles; three turn to the right, two
to the left. The main arms cross at right angles, but the ends of four are
bent at right angles, while one is curved (ogee). Three have the ends bent
(at right angles) four times, making a meander form, while two make only
one bend. They seem not to be placed with any reference to each other, or
to any other object, and are scattered over the field as chance or luck
might determine. A specimen of Swastika interesting to prehistoric
archæologists is that on a vase from Cyprus (Musée St. Germain, No.
21537), on which is represented an arrowhead, stemmed, barbed, and
suspended by its points between the Swastika.[182]
[Illustration: Fig. 172. GREEK VASE OF TYPICAL RHODIAN STYLE. Ibex, lotus,
geese, and six Swastikas (normal, meander, and ogee, all left). Goodyear,
"Grammar of the Lotus," p. 251, pl. 39.[183]]
[Illustration: Fig. 173. DETAIL OF GREEK VASE. Deer, solar diagrams, and
three Swastikas (single, double, and meander, right). Melos. Conze,
"Meliosche Thongefässe," and Goodyear, "Grammar of the Lotus," pl. 60,
fig. 8.]
Dr. Max Ohnefalsch-Richter presented a paper before the Société
d'Anthropologie in Paris, December 6, 1888, reported in the Bulletin of
that year (pp. 668-681). It was entitled "La Croix gammée et la Croix
cantonnée en Chypre." (The _Croix gammée_ is the Swastika, while the
_Croix cantonnée_ is the cross with dots, the _Croix swasticale_ of
Zmigrodzki.) In this paper the author describes his finding the Swastika
during his excavations into prehistoric Cyprus. On the first page of his
paper the following statement appears:
The Swastika comes from India as an ornament in form of a cone
(_conique_) of metal, gold, silver, or bronze gilt, worn on the ears
(see G. Perrot: "Histoire de l'Art," III, p. 562 et fig. 384), and
nose-rings (see S. Reinach: "Chronique d'Orient," 3{e} série, t. IV,
1886). I was the first to make known the nose-ring worn by the goddess
Aphrodite-Astarte, even at Cyprus. In the Indies the women still wear
these ornaments in their nostrils and ears. The fellahin of Egypt also
wear similar jewelry; but as Egyptian art gives us no example of the
usage of these ornaments in antiquity, it is only from the Indies that
the Phenicians could have borrowed them. The nose-ring is unknown in
the antiquity of all countries which surrounded the island of Cyprus.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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