The customs and manners remained the same as in the former period, the bath-house, the Finnish and Swedish log-cabins, the splinter-sticks, and all other utensils and implements we have learned to know in previous chapters, continued to be used. The domestic animals had greatly increased, the fields were comparatively numerous and in many cases large, and the settlement had acquired a certain stability and form. The colony had not been a financial success from the Dutch point of view, however. Thousands of florins were borrowed and expended, and thousands more were needed. In 1664 rumors of a Swedish attempt at recapturing the river were afloat in Holland, as we have seen, causing some uneasiness, until it was reported that the expedition had been wrecked. A large number of Finns had been “enticed” to migrate to the colony in the spring, and other measures were taken to build up the settlement. But Dutch rule, except for a short interval, was drawing to a close on the Delaware and in America. The English forces, sailing up the Hudson in the autumn, compelled Stuyvesant to surrender on September 3. On the same day Sir Robert Carre was commissioned to proceed to the Delaware for the purpose of bringing that colony under the power and authority of the English crown. Carre arrived in the river on September 30 and on October 1 (11), the articles of capitulation were signed. The inhabitants were to be protected in their estates under the authority of the English King; the old magistrates were to continue in their jurisdiction as formerly, and “the sheriff and other inferior” officers should remain in power for six months, until other steps could be taken; all the people were to enjoy religious liberty and be free “as any Englishman” upon the taking “of the oath,” and any one was allowed to depart from the settlement within six months after the date of the articles. We are now at the beginning of a new era and the following years belong to another treatise. INDEX. Names of ships are printed in italics. The letters å, ä, ö and ü are treated like a, o and u and follow the English order. For a detailed index and full bibliography see the author’s “_The Swedish Settlements_,” II, 767ff, 815ff. A Acrelius, 242 Africa, 21, 23, 47, 68 African Company, Swedish, 345 Agriculture, 182ff, 190ff, 200ff, 299ff Aldrichs, J., 371 Allerton, I., 208ff, 301 Altmark, 14 America, 47, 53, 68, 252 Amundsson, H., 156, 164ff, 252ff, 267ff Amsterdam, 68, 77, etc. Anckerhjelm, 268ff, 348 Animals, domestic, 121, 129, 191ff, 193, 220ff, 372 Antigua, 145, 157 Appelbom, H., 352ff Artenzen, 149 Asia, 53 Atlantic, 36 Austria, 19 Aquilera, Gov. de, 270ff Azores, 269ff B Barbadoes, 233, 309, etc. Barben, J., 78 Barns, 193, etc. _Beaver_, 210 Beeckman, 370ff Beier, J., 46, 92, 143