The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
About May 10 the ramparts, which were constructed of palisades
and earth, were completed. Guns were taken from the _Kalmar
Nyckel_ and mounted on the walls; the Swedish banner was raised
on the flag-pole, and “with the report of cannon the fort was named
Christina.” Two houses were erected inside the palisades, one of which
was probably used for a dwelling house, the other for a magazine or
store house. They were built of unhewn logs, and the dwelling house
had loopholes and probably two or more little windows. The roof was
gabled and most likely covered with small timbers split in two. In the
corner of the dwelling a fireplace was made of bricks brought over on
the ships. Rough benches, chairs and tables were constructed from split
timber, and it is likely that beds of some sort were made.
The Swedes came in contact with the Dutch shortly after their arrival.
In the beginning of April Minuit sent his sloop up the river to
examine the position and strength of the Hollanders, and to establish
relations with the Indians north of the Schuylkill. The sloop sailed
above Fort Nassau unobserved, but on its way back to Christina it was
discovered by the greatly surprised Dutch commander, who at once set
about to ascertain the identity and business of the new-comers. Shortly
afterwards Minuit himself attempted to pass the Dutch stronghold;
but the garrison was now on the alert and “Peter May sailed down” to
meet him. May demanded to know the reasons for his presence in the
river, and wished to see his commission, warning him not to pass the
fort. Minuit refused to exhibit his papers, “saying that his Queen
had as much right there as the company”, and desired to proceed on
his journey. He was compelled to return to his camp, however, and he
probably made no further attempts to go above Fort Nassau.
Peter May reported the occurrence to Governor Kieft and, when Jan
Jansen, who had been absent at New Amsterdam for some time arrived at
the South River about the middle of April, he immediately protested in
writing against the Swedish occupation. Minuit replied to the protest,
styling himself “Commander in the service of Her Royal Majesty of
Sweden”, and paid no heed to Jansen’s warnings. When Governor Kieft
was informed that the words of his commissary had no effect, he drew
up a protest himself “against the landing and settling of the Swedes
on the Delaware.” He reminded “Peter Minuit that the whole South River
of New Netherland had been many years in their possession and secured
by them above and below by forts and sealed with their blood”, and
informed him that the Dutch would not suffer him to intrude between
their forts and that “the blame for all future mishaps, damages,
losses, disturbances and bloodshed”, which might arise as a consequence
of his actions, would fall upon him. The protest was read before
Minuit, but he made no reply to it, and continued his work as before.
[Illustration:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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