The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664Johnson, Amandus
History
The Swedes on the Delaware, 1638-1664
Johnson, Amandus
Delaware River Valley (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.) -- History; New Sweden -- History; Swedes -- United States
Shortly after his landing, Ridder inspected the country for several
miles around the fort. In his opinion it was well suited for
cattle-raising and farming; but the seed had spoiled on the journey,
and little new ground could be planted or sown, before other supplies
were received. The fort was in poor condition, the walls being ready
“to fall down in three places”; but the skipper forbade him to make any
extensive repairs, and he had no orders from Sweden to do so. He mended
the cracks and improved the parapets, however, wherever necessary,
reporting that “on the land side the wall ought to be lengthened and
on the water edge it should be raised.” Moreover supplies of cannon,
powder and bullets were wanted for the proper defence of the fort. As
the stronghold was located too far from the Delaware to be of much
service, he recommended that a new one be built near the river, “so
that the crown’s fort would be the key to New Sweden.” Ridder also
suggested that the national coat-of-arms of stone or wood be sent over
and placed above the gates of the fort. Within the paling three new
houses were built for the shelter of the people, and two old ones were
moved to the east embankment.
“Two horses and a colt which were in the colony fared well”, but
three more mares for work and breeding were needed. Ridder further
requested the company to ship over several cows and “two pair of strong
oxen” on the next expedition, as there was plenty of pasture and more
than enough work, oxen being most serviceable on the plantations. He
complained bitterly that he had not a man, able to build a common
peasant’s house or saw a board of lumber. The general condition of
the colonists was such he said, that “it would be impossible to find
more stupid people in all Sweden.” Carpenters and other workmen were
therefore sorely wanted. Ridder’s complaints were overestimated, for we
know that he built some houses, but they give a fair idea of the class
of settlers that were in the colony before 1641. Ridder also proposed
to make bricks, “for there was good clay to be had”, and to manufacture
lumber, as there was an inexhaustible supply of trees and splendid
water power. In addition he made a list of desirable and essential
commodities, such as “glass windows”, steel, hemp, salt, brandy, a few
barrels of tar, grain for seeds (as rye, barley, beans, peas, cabbage),
turnips and parsnip seed and provisions for a year.
The friendly intercourse with the Indians begun by Minuit were
continued by Ridder. The latter distributed gifts among the chiefs,
and assured them of his good will and kindly intentions, which was
reciprocated by the savages in their usual way. The Indian trade was
renewed in May, shortly after the arrival of the _Kalmar Nyckel_,
causing great injury to the Dutch; and a big cargo of furs was bought
from the natives, largely through the efforts of Huygen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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