The Swedish Revolution Under Gustavus VasaWatson, Paul Barron
History
The Swedish Revolution Under Gustavus Vasa
Watson, Paul Barron
Gustav I Vasa, King of Sweden, 1496-1560; Sweden -- History -- Gustav I Vasa, 1523-1560
On the other hand, he should expect
Gustavus to punish his own subjects for wrongs which they had done in
Russia, and all buildings by them erected on Russian soil must be torn
down. While the Swedish envoys were returning with this letter, Norby
reached the grand duke and complained that Swedes had injured Russian
subjects in Lapland. The grand duke therefore ordered that Gustavus be
notified of the complaint, and asked to punish the offenders if the
charge were true. When the embassy returned to Sweden, and the monarch
found they had not yet obtained the grand duke's seal, he resolved to go
to Finland in the spring of 1527 and meet the Russian emissaries there.
This plan, however, was given up for lack of funds, and the Russian
emissaries were asked to meet the king in Stockholm. The offer was
accepted, the emissaries came, and after an elaborate exchange of costly
presents, both parties signed a ratification of the treaty made for
seventy years with Sture. The ratification was dated on the 26th of
May.[128]
The main reason why Gustavus dreaded a rupture between himself and
Lubeck was that it would cause great injury to his commerce. Immediately
after his election in 1523, the monarch in a moment of enthusiasm had
conferred on Lubeck, Dantzic, and their allies a perpetual monopoly of
Swedish trade. In an earlier century, when these so-called Vend Cities
controlled the Baltic trade, Lubeck would have claimed the monopoly even
without a grant. But another branch of the Hanse Towns had ere this
grown up in Holland, with a power so formidable that the Vend Cities
dared not assert their claim. So long, however, as the privileges
granted Lubeck were unrepealed, the Dutch Towns were reluctant to incur
her enmity by sending ships to Sweden. The result was that practically
all imports came from Lubeck, and when relations between that city and
Gustavus became a trifle strained, great difficulty was experienced in
obtaining food. To remedy this evil, the envoys sent to Lubeck in 1525,
finding themselves too late for the congress with the Danes, entered
into negotiations with the Dutch envoys that happened to be there. They
found at once that Holland wished to trade in Sweden, and was ready to
do so if the terms could be arranged. As a provisional measure, the
ambassadors on both sides promised, August 17, that the two nations
should remain at peace during the next three years, and before the end
of that time another congress should be held to make a more systematic
treaty. It was agreed further that in the coming autumn a consignment of
salt and other wares should be forwarded by the Dutch to Sweden.
Apparently this consignment did not come till the spring of 1526, but
both parties were eager to arrange a treaty, and it was agreed that a
congress for this purpose should be held in Bremen, May 20, 1526. This
congress was afterwards postponed, though the Swedish envoy brought a
ratification of the former treaty signed by Gustavus under date of May
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