Switzerland; Switzerland -- Politics and government -- 1815-
Education as the acquiring of information is one thing: it is quite
another thing to develop the human forces by a thoughtfully-planned
course of training, mentally, physically, and morally fitting one
for “complete living.” Educational methods in every age have been
the outgrowth of the social conditions of the time, and are, as a
rule, found to be in accordance with the beliefs and principles by
which nations are controlled. A new definition of culture is being
constructed, one which shall embrace the industries and the mechanical
arts. Industrial processes and occupations are claiming recognition
in school and college courses, both for the sake of the encouragement
and assistance they may render to the industrial classes, and because
the familiarity with them is felt to be required by the wants and
demands of the age. It is not a rebellion against the old methods as
bad in themselves. It does not necessarily interfere with or involve
any loss to the traditional studies of the school-room. It is not an
attempt to substitute the labors of the workshop for the legitimate
intellectual training of the school, inasmuch as the shop-practice, if
properly arranged, would be in the nature of change and rest, and even
of recreation to the pupil, bringing him back fresher and brighter to
his studies. The alternation is stimulating. Change of occupation is
proverbially almost as refreshing as rest. The pupils pass from the
shop to the class-room, and conversely, with a new zeal and zest for
their tasks in either department. It means the addition of practice
to theory, experiment to knowledge, the correct eye and skilful hand
to the developed brain; that the youth sent forth from school shall
be fitted not only for professions and clerkships, but for the heat
and task of active life, and for the skilled labor which is so sorely
needed. There exist much general misapprehension and no little grave
misrepresentation as to industrial schools and manual training, and an
attempt in some quarters to confound them with the stupefying effect
of long-continued toil. It is not contemplated to swing too far the
pendulum of school reform, or to present a panacea. It is proposed to
supplement the older scholastic culture with that which will make it
take a firmer hold upon men’s minds, and will bring the school into
closer harmony with the time-spirit. Let there be no interference, much
less any extinction of the classical system. We have come to regard
that as a sacred thing and unassailable. Let it remain impregnable
to all the attacks of iconoclasts and reformers. The Latin and Greek
languages and the science of mathematics come recommended to us by
all experience, signed and countersigned, as it were, by the testimony
of ages as the basis of every system of liberal culture. They furnish
a grateful vicissitude of genial and severe studies; while the one
awakens the sensibilities, refines the taste, enlarges the conception,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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