which will develop for each man and woman the faculties that nature has given in such a manner that they may be as active and profitable and prosperous members of the community as possible; an education beautiful by its adaptment, subservient by its use, and salutary by its application; an education that teaches in what way to utilize those sources of happiness which nature supplies, and how to use all the faculties to the greatest advantage of ourselves and others; an education that heeds the advice of Professor James Blake: “Let us head-train the hand-worker and hand-train the head-worker. For manual and head-training together form the only education. Apart from the practical advantages, it has an ethical value in enabling men and women to use all their faculties, for no man can distort himself by exclusive attention to one order of faculties, and especially by neglecting to keep good balance between the two fundamental co-ordinates of his being, body and mind, without finding the distortion repeating itself in moral obtuseness and disorder.” CHAPTER XV. INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE. It is a popular mistake that Switzerland, industrially, occupies a stagnant condition in the scale of nations, and exists for picturesqueness alone. It is equally a mistake to think that its main staples are wood-carving and hotel-keeping. The circumstances which so long prohibited any advance in commerce and agriculture are to be found in the peculiarities of the physical character of the country and the absence of capital. Switzerland had no sources of mineral nor, under the conditions of former times, of agricultural wealth. It could not maintain a large population on its own resources; nor could it have cities, the inhabitants of which, either like those of Flanders, by the easy terms upon which they might get the raw materials, could have manufactured for others; or like those of Venice, Genoa, and of the cities of Holland, might have become common carriers. They could have had no commerce, except with their surplus cheese. The amount of this that could be spared was so small, and the transportation so difficult, that but little could be made of it, and the whole of this little was wanted for the necessaries of life,--such as the useful metals, etc.,--which the Swiss were obliged to procure from abroad. There was no margin for saving, and so there could be no accumulations of capital. For long ages the most assiduous industry could supply the Swiss with only the necessaries of life, and barely with them, even when aided by the surplus cheese. Agriculturists in a rude way, they lived on the land which supported them and their families, and feeling no further pressing need, their untrained intelligence could form no conception of the advantages of the social union and commercial interdependence of a more civilized state of society. This condition no longer exists. By the aid of new means of transportation