inspiration on these shores; there is “Clarens, sweet Clarens, birthplace of deep love! Thine air is the young breath of passionate thought; Thy trees take root in love.” Here is Chillon, with its great white wall sinking into the deep calm of the water, while its very stones echo memorable events, from the era of barbarism in 830, when Count Wala, who had held command of Charlemagne’s forces, was incarcerated within the tower of this desolate rock during the reign of Louis le Débonnaire, to the imprisonment of the Salvation Army captain.[97] “Lake Leman lies by Chillon’s walls; A thousand feet in depth below, Its massy waters meet and flow; Below the surface of the lake The dark vault lies” where Bonnivard, the prior of St. Victor and the great asserter of the independence of Geneva, was found when the castle was wrested from the Duke of Savoy by the Bernese. Along the shores of Lake Geneva the Romans had many stations and posts, vestiges of which are still visible.[98] The confusion and the mixture of interests that succeeded the fall of the Empire gave rise in the Middle Ages to various baronial castles, ecclesiastical towns, and towers of defence, the ruins of which still stand on the margin of the lake or on the eminences a little inland,-- “Chiefless castles breathing stern farewells From gray but leafy walls, where ruin greenly dwells.” The Lake of Luzern, _Vierwaldstätter-See_, is hardly a single sheet of water, but is composed of a group of seven basins, some joined to each other by narrow straits, others intersecting each other at right angles, giving extreme variety to its breadth; its extreme length in a diverging line is twenty-four miles; its widest part, taking in the two arms of Küssnacht and Alpnach (southwest to northeast), is twelve miles, but the average breadth is much less. There are repeated eclipses of the landscapes caused by abrupt turnings, bold promontories, and the amphitheatrical closing in of the mountain strips, and again opening up to view. It is scarcely possible to imagine any combination of beautiful water and bold mountains more striking, more effective, and more lovely than the scenes that meet the view in traversing this lake. A dozen different mountains advance into the lake and check themselves suddenly in the depths of the gloomy waters. Bare, steep, turret-like rocks hanging amid the clouds; rich, lawn-like grass in the intervening glades, sparkling with cottages and gardens, succeed and blend with each other in infinite alternation. _Pilatus_ and the _Rigi_ guard the approach to the lake. The former is full of mysterious legendary pools associated with the haunting spirit of Pontius Pilate. No less than thirty-five writers have treated of its supernatural apparitions, but a very natural supposition traces the name to a corruption of _pilea_ or _pileatus_,--from the cap of clouds always on its summit. The Rigi, the most frequented belvedere in the