Switzerland; Switzerland -- Politics and government -- 1815-
In modern times the same skill is seen with the gun instead of with the
cross-bow. Snuffing a candle, cutting a string, barking a squirrel,
breaking glass balls thrown in the air, are all, perhaps, more
difficult than for a firm hand and a steady eye to pick off an apple
from the head of a boy. The same thing was done in the seventh century
that is recorded of Tell in the fourteenth century, _ergo_ William Tell
is a myth,--this is the question reduced to a logical form. Any one may
see that such an inference is absurd. Yet this is the greatest fact
that has been adduced to prove that Tell’s heroism is a mere figment
of the past. To believe in one tradition and repudiate the other is
not less arbitrary than unphilosophic. Voltaire, whose function it was
to deny, even sneered at the existence of the men of Rütli simply on
account of “the difficulty in pronouncing their names.” The story of
Tell is told in the chronicle of Klingenberg, that covers the close
of the fourteenth century; then again in 1470, in the “Ballad of
Tell,” one of the chief treasures in the archives of Sarnen; in the
“Chronicles of Russ,” 1482; and by Schilling, of Luzern, in 1510, who
had before him a “Tell-song;” and the chronicle of Eglof, town clerk
of Luzern, in the first half of the fifteenth century. The first to
clothe these traditions in the dress of historical narration of great
substantial clearness was the celebrated Swiss chronicler, Ægidius
Tschudi, of Glarus, in 1570. All the early Swiss and German historians,
Stettler, Huldrich, and Müller, sanction it. Then it furnished Florian
with the subject of a novel in French, 1788; Lemierre with his tragedy
of _Guillaume Tell_, 1766; Schiller with a tragedy in German, _Wilhelm
Tell_, 1804; Knowles with a tragedy in English, _William Tell_, 1840.
In 1829, Rossini, the most famous composer of the land beyond the
mountains, wove the magic of his music round Schiller’s greatest drama
with the Italian opera of _Guglielmo Tell_, the delight of the musical
world.[104] Smollett, in his sublime “Ode to Independence,” thus
alludes to Tell:
“Who with the generous rustics sate
On Uri’s rock, in close divan,
And wing’d that arrow, sure as fate,
Which ascertain’d the sacred rights of man.”
Goethe writes: “I picture Tell as an heroic man, possessed of native
strength, but contented with himself, and in a state of childish
unconsciousness. He traverses the Canton as a carrier, and is
everywhere known and beloved, everywhere ready with his assistance. He
peacefully follows his calling, providing for his wife and child.” Sir
James Mackintosh, one of the most impartial of historians, visited the
region associated with the name and deeds of Tell; he examined history,
and became perfectly convinced of the existence of the mountain hero,
and of the truth of the part he played in Switzerland when
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